Merge lp:~raharper/curtin/trunk.more-ipv6 into lp:~curtin-dev/curtin/trunk

[Ryan Harper]

curtin/net: overhaul of eni rendering to handle mixed ipv4/ipv6 configurations

To ensure complete ipv4/ipv6 support for advanced and stacked configurations update
how curtin.net renders /etc/network/interfaces for different releases (precise -> yakkety)
ifupdown has subtle issues with various networking features and curtin needs to ensure
consistent behavior.

- Propery handle emitting the 'auto' control tag for stacked interfaces, like vlans over bonds
- Workaround LP:1609367 by rendering ifupdown hooks to handle the various cases. This works generically in all ubuntu releases
- Drop the use of ipv4 alias interfaces (eth0:1, eth0:2) and instead just add additional e/n/i stanzas. ifupdown already uses iproute2's /sbin/ip which supports adding additional ip addresses to an interface without the use of the v4-only interface alias structure. This provides consistent behavior for all types of interfaces (physical, vlan, bonds, and stacked interfaces) across all releases. Two side-effects: 1) users can no longer `ifdown eth0:1` to remove a single ip address from an interface; if down eth0 will take _all_ ip addresses on that interface. 2) ifconfig output only shows *one* ipv4 address, so users will need to use /sbin/ip addr show <interface> to see all ip addresses assigned to an interface.
- Restructure all of the common network testcases into a single class TestNetworkTestBaseAbs, all varients testing network inherit from this class and override only the config file and any special case test-cases and file collection
- Global replace of testcase use of 'with open' and instead use load_collect_file()
- Add ip_a_to_dict parser for `/sbin/ip a` output

curtin/net: overhaul eni rendering to handle mixed ipv4/ipv6 configurations

To ensure complete ipv4/ipv6 support for advanced and stacked
configurations update how curtin.net renders /etc/network/interfaces for
different releases (precise -> yakkety) ifupdown has subtle issues with
various networking features and curtin needs to ensure consistent
behavior.

- Properly handle emitting the 'auto' control tag for stacked interfaces,
  like vlans over bonds
- Workaround LP: #1609367 by rendering ifupdown hooks to handle the various
  cases. This works generically in all ubuntu releases.
- Drop the use of ipv4 alias interfaces (eth0:1, eth0:2) and instead just
  add additional e/n/i stanzas. ifupdown already uses iproute2's /sbin/ip
  which supports adding additional ip addresses to an interface without the
  use of the v4-only interface alias structure. This provides consistent
  behavior for all types of interfaces (physical, vlan, bonds, and stacked
  interfaces) across all releases.

  Two side-effects:
  1) users can no longer `ifdown eth0:1` to remove a single ip address
     from an interface; if down eth0 will take _all_ ip addresses on that
     interface.
  2) ifconfig output only shows *one* ipv4 address, so users will
     need to use 'ip addr show <interface>' to see all ip addresses
     assigned to an interface.
- Restructure all of the common network testcases into a single class
  TestNetworkTestBaseAbs, all variants testing network inherit from this
  class and override only the config file and any special case test-cases
  and file collection
- Global replace of testcase use of 'with open' and instead use
  load_collect_file()
- Add ip_a_to_dict parser for `/sbin/ip a` output

[Server Team CI bot (server-team-bot)]

PASSED: Continuous integration, rev:436
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review: Approve (continuous-integration)

[lp:~raharper/curtin/trunk.more-ipv6]

437. By Ryan Harper on 2016-08-25

merge from trunk

[Server Team CI bot (server-team-bot)]

PASSED: Continuous integration, rev:437
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review: Approve (continuous-integration)

[Christian Ehrhardt  (paelzer)]

Hi Ryan,
great work - a few minor comments and discussion points added inline.

[Ryan Harper (raharper)]

On Fri, Aug 26, 2016 at 3:59 AM, ChristianEhrhardt <
<email address hidden>> wrote:

> Hi Ryan,
> great work - a few minor comments and discussion points added inline.
>

Thanks for the review!

>
> Diff comments:
>
> > === modified file 'curtin/commands/apply_net.py'
> > --- curtin/commands/apply_net.py 2016-07-13 07:50:49 +0000
> > +++ curtin/commands/apply_net.py 2016-08-25 23:32:25 +0000
> > @@ -26,6 +26,54 @@
> >
> > LOG = log.LOG
> >
> > +IFUPDOWN_IPV6_MTU_PRE_HOOK = """#!/bin/sh -x
>
> Maybe play it even safer with -e to better fail than echoing potentially
> weird stuff to the mtu file.
>
> Same for line 23
>

Yeah, actually should drop the -x; I'll look at other ifupdown hooks and
see what they use.

>
> > +# injected by curtin installer
> > +
> > +[ "$IFACE" != "lo" ] || exit 0
> > +
> > +# Trigger only if MTU configured
> > +[ -n "$IF_MTU" ] || exit 0
> > +
> > +CUR_DEV_MTU=$(/bin/cat /sys/class/net/$IFACE/mtu ||:)
> > +CUR_IPV6_MTU=$(sysctl -n net.ipv6.conf.$IFACE.mtu ||:)
> > +[ -n "$CUR_DEV_MTU" ] && echo $CUR_DEV_MTU > /run/network/$IFACE_dev.mtu
> > +[ -n "$CUR_IPV6_MTU" ] && echo $CUR_IPV6_MTU >
> /run/network/$IFACE_ipv6.mtu
> > +exit 0
> > +"""
> > +
> > +IFUPDOWN_IPV6_MTU_POST_HOOK = """#!/bin/sh -x
> > +# injected by curtin installer
> > +
> > +[ "$IFACE" != "lo" ] || exit 0
> > +
> > +# Trigger only if MTU configured
> > +[ -n "$IF_MTU" ] || exit 0
> > +
> > +PRE_DEV_MTU=$(cat /run/network/$IFACE_dev.mtu)
> > +CUR_DEV_MTU=$(/bin/cat /sys/class/net/$IFACE/mtu)
> > +PRE_IPV6_MTU=$(cat /run/network/$IFACE_ipv6.mtu)
>
> I'm not sure if ${var} references are compliant, but here it would really
> enhance readability and maintainability. e.g. at ${IFACE}_ipv6 which would
> make is clearer where var and string meet.
>

It appears that ${VAR} works; most of the hooks don't use that; not
entirely sure why. I can update.

>
> > +CUR_IPV6_MTU=$(sysctl -n net.ipv6.conf.$IFACE.mtu)
> > +
> > +if [ "$ADDRFAM" = "inet6" ]; then
> > + # We need to check the underlying interface MTU and
> > + # raise it if the IPV6 mtu is larger
> > + if [ $CUR_DEV_MTU -lt $IF_MTU ]; then
> > + /bin/ip link set $IFACE mtu $IF_MTU
> > + fi
> > + /sbin/sysctl -q -e -w net.ipv6.conf.$IFACE.mtu=$IF_MTU
>
> I'm not sure if it would be wiser to put all the binary paths into an
> initial INIT phase.
> Probably with a which or anything like it, just for the case that ip,
> sysctl or others ever move to a different place.
> A which would make it fully dynamic, a central definition easier to
> maintain at one place.
> Open for discussion thou since it can have drawbacks like resolving to the
> wrong one in the worst case.
>

All of the existing tooks (and ifupdown itself) call via full path.

>
> > +
> > +elif [ "$ADDRFAM" = "inet" ]; then
> > + # handle the clobber case where inet mtu changes v6 mtu
> > + # ifupdown will already have set dev mtu, so lower mtu
> > + # if needed. If v6 mtu was larger, it get's clamped down
> > + # to the dev MTU value.
> > + if [ $PRE_IPV6_MTU -lt $CUR_IPV6_MTU ]; then
> > + /sbin/sysctl -q -e -w net.ipv6.conf.$IFACE.mtu=$PRE_IPV6_MTU
> > + fi
> > +fi
> > +exit 0
> > +"""
> > +
> >
> > ...

[Scott Moser (smoser)]

NITPICK: i reformatted your commit message to keep line lengths < 74 and some spelling.

i like the general idea, and the fact that you added some good vmtest tests.

[Ryan Harper (raharper)]

On Fri, Aug 26, 2016 at 9:23 AM, Scott Moser <email address hidden> wrote:

> NITPICK: i reformatted your commit message to keep line lengths < 74 and
> some spelling.
>
>
> i like the general idea, and the fact that you added some good vmtest
> tests.
>
> Diff comments:
>
> > === modified file 'curtin/commands/apply_net.py'
> > --- curtin/commands/apply_net.py 2016-07-13 07:50:49 +0000
> > +++ curtin/commands/apply_net.py 2016-08-25 23:32:25 +0000
> > @@ -26,6 +26,54 @@
> >
> > LOG = log.LOG
> >
> > +IFUPDOWN_IPV6_MTU_PRE_HOOK = """#!/bin/sh -x
>
> as much as i *hate* set -e, i agree here. either we need to run with -e,
> or otherwise correctly exit failure on failure rather than barreling on.
>

ACK

>
> > +# injected by curtin installer
> > +
> > +[ "$IFACE" != "lo" ] || exit 0
> > +
> > +# Trigger only if MTU configured
> > +[ -n "$IF_MTU" ] || exit 0
> > +
> > +CUR_DEV_MTU=$(/bin/cat /sys/class/net/$IFACE/mtu ||:)
>
> [ ! -e /sys/class/net/$IFACE/mtu ] || read CUR_DEV_MTU
> /sys/class/net/$IFACE/mtu
>

Nice, will change.

>
> > +CUR_IPV6_MTU=$(sysctl -n net.ipv6.conf.$IFACE.mtu ||:)
> > +[ -n "$CUR_DEV_MTU" ] && echo $CUR_DEV_MTU > /run/network/$IFACE_dev.mtu
> > +[ -n "$CUR_IPV6_MTU" ] && echo $CUR_IPV6_MTU >
> /run/network/$IFACE_ipv6.mtu
> > +exit 0
> > +"""
> > +
> > +IFUPDOWN_IPV6_MTU_POST_HOOK = """#!/bin/sh -x
> > +# injected by curtin installer
> > +
> > +[ "$IFACE" != "lo" ] || exit 0
> > +
> > +# Trigger only if MTU configured
> > +[ -n "$IF_MTU" ] || exit 0
> > +
> > +PRE_DEV_MTU=$(cat /run/network/$IFACE_dev.mtu)
>
> +one on christian's {} i know its obnoxious, but there are times when
> doing something like above ends up referencing a variable like '$IFACE_dev'
> rather than ${IFACE}_dev. i have never been able to find out a pattern on
> it, but its why i alays surround variables names. Also makes search and
> replace for var names easier.
>

I entirely agree with you; I was keeping with existing style of ifupdown
hooks. But I'm happy to do things safer.

>
> > +CUR_DEV_MTU=$(/bin/cat /sys/class/net/$IFACE/mtu)
>
> read CUR_DEV_MTU < /sys/class/net/$IFACE/mtu
> is lots faster and equivalent.
>
> i realize this is picking on the order of hundreths of a second, but this
> blocks network coming up which blocks boot.
>

Understood, worth a change.

>
> > +PRE_IPV6_MTU=$(cat /run/network/$IFACE_ipv6.mtu)
> > +CUR_IPV6_MTU=$(sysctl -n net.ipv6.conf.$IFACE.mtu)
>
> echo > /sys/class/net .... ? rather than sysctl ? is there a reason for
> one over the other ?
> i thought you recently told me sysctl was just doing that.
>

I can replace the sysctl -n with a read; it's somewhat non-obvious
that sysctl net. implies /proc/sys/net . But it saves the exec overhead

>
> > +
> > +if [ "$ADDRFAM" = "inet6" ]; then
> > + # We need to check the underlying interface MTU and
> > + # raise it if the IPV6 mtu is larger
> > + if [ $CUR_DEV_MTU -lt $IF_MTU ]; then
> > + /bin/ip link set $IFACE mtu $IF_MTU
> > + fi
> > + /sbin/sysctl -q -e -w net.ipv6.conf.$IFACE.mtu=$IF_MTU
>
> even better, just do not hard code paths.
> if /sbin/ is not in your path you are probably foobarred in other ways
> you've not considered.
> if /...

[lp:~raharper/curtin/trunk.more-ipv6]

438. By Ryan Harper on 2016-08-26

Addressed review comments

curtin.commands.apply_net:
 - use /bin/sh -e for hooks
 - use ${VAR} for references
 - replace execs with read and echo
 - remove hardcoded paths to binaries
 - make use of util.target_path for safer path construction
 - move debugging output to log.debug

curtin.net:
- iface_start_entry: drop unused index parameter
- drop unused functions: subnet_is_ipv4, list_ipv4_subnets,
  iface_add_postup
- Add comment to document how we skip repeated 'auto $IFACE' lines
  and why we don't

tests.vmtests.helpers
- drop unused ifconfig-a parsing
- update ip_a_to_dict comment to display parsed output

tests.vmtests.test_network_enisource
- replace use of ifconfig_to_dict with ip_a_to_dict

439. By Ryan Harper on 2016-08-26

Fix use of util.target_path(); workaround dash bug lp:598275

440. By Ryan Harper on 2016-08-26

fix trailing whitespace

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FAILED: Continuous integration, rev:439
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review: Needs Fixing (continuous-integration)

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review: Approve (continuous-integration)

[lp:~raharper/curtin/trunk.more-ipv6]

441. By Ryan Harper on 2016-08-26

mtuhook: switch to bash to use read vs. sysctl exec

442. By Ryan Harper on 2016-08-29

vmtest:multipath fix up readlink on holders data

443. By Ryan Harper on 2016-08-29

vmtests:uefi fix broke test, handle variance in sys/firmware/efi contents

[Server Team CI bot (server-team-bot)]

PASSED: Continuous integration, rev:443
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review: Approve (continuous-integration)

[lp:~raharper/curtin/trunk.more-ipv6]

444. By Ryan Harper on 2016-08-29

merge from trunk

[Server Team CI bot (server-team-bot)]

PASSED: Continuous integration, rev:444
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Executed test runs:
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review: Approve (continuous-integration)

[Scott Moser (smoser)]

This looks as good to me as something can look for something so large.
You have added some tests and such, so LGTM.

review: Approve

=== modified file 'curtin/commands/apply_net.py'
--- curtin/commands/apply_net.py	2016-08-22 19:39:06 +0000
+++ curtin/commands/apply_net.py	2016-08-29 20:01:45 +0000
@@ -26,6 +26,57 @@
 
 LOG = log.LOG
 
+IFUPDOWN_IPV6_MTU_PRE_HOOK = """#!/bin/bash -e
+# injected by curtin installer
+
+[ "${IFACE}" != "lo" ] || exit 0
+
+# Trigger only if MTU configured
+[ -n "${IF_MTU}" ] || exit 0
+
+read CUR_DEV_MTU </sys/class/net/${IFACE}/mtu ||:
+read CUR_IPV6_MTU </proc/sys/net/ipv6/conf/${IFACE}/mtu ||:
+[ -n "${CUR_DEV_MTU}" ] && echo ${CUR_DEV_MTU} > /run/network/${IFACE}_dev.mtu
+[ -n "${CUR_IPV6_MTU}" ] &&
+  echo ${CUR_IPV6_MTU} > /run/network/${IFACE}_ipv6.mtu
+exit 0
+"""
+
+IFUPDOWN_IPV6_MTU_POST_HOOK = """#!/bin/bash -e
+# injected by curtin installer
+
+[ "${IFACE}" != "lo" ] || exit 0
+
+# Trigger only if MTU configured
+[ -n "${IF_MTU}" ] || exit 0
+
+read PRE_DEV_MTU </run/network/${IFACE}_dev.mtu ||:
+read CUR_DEV_MTU </sys/class/net/${IFACE}/mtu ||:
+read PRE_IPV6_MTU </run/network/${IFACE}_ipv6.mtu ||:
+read CUR_IPV6_MTU </proc/sys/net/ipv6/conf/${IFACE}/mtu ||:
+
+if [ "${ADDRFAM}" = "inet6" ]; then
+  # We need to check the underlying interface MTU and
+  # raise it if the IPV6 mtu is larger
+  if [ ${CUR_DEV_MTU} -lt ${IF_MTU} ]; then
+      ip link set ${IFACE} mtu ${IF_MTU}
+  fi
+  # sysctl -q -e -w net.ipv6.conf.${IFACE}.mtu=${IF_MTU}
+  echo ${IF_MTU} >/proc/sys/net/ipv6/conf/${IFACE}/mtu ||:
+
+elif [ "${ADDRFAM}" = "inet" ]; then
+  # handle the clobber case where inet mtu changes v6 mtu.
+  # ifupdown will already have set dev mtu, so lower mtu
+  # if needed.  If v6 mtu was larger, it get's clamped down
+  # to the dev MTU value.
+  if [ ${PRE_IPV6_MTU} -lt ${CUR_IPV6_MTU} ]; then
+    # sysctl -q -e -w net.ipv6.conf.${IFACE}.mtu=${PRE_IPV6_MTU}
+    echo ${PRE_IPV6_MTU} >/proc/sys/net/ipv6/conf/${IFACE}/mtu ||:
+  fi
+fi
+exit 0
+"""
+
 
 def apply_net(target, network_state=None, network_config=None):
     if network_state is None and network_config is None:
@@ -45,6 +96,108 @@
 
     net.render_network_state(target=target, network_state=ns)
 
+    _maybe_remove_legacy_eth0(target)
+    LOG.info('Attempting to remove ipv6 privacy extensions')
+    _disable_ipv6_privacy_extensions(target)
+    _patch_ifupdown_ipv6_mtu_hook(target)
+
+
+def _patch_ifupdown_ipv6_mtu_hook(target,
+                                  prehookfn="etc/network/if-pre-up.d/mtuipv6",
+                                  posthookfn="etc/network/if-up.d/mtuipv6"):
+
+    contents = {
+        'prehook': IFUPDOWN_IPV6_MTU_PRE_HOOK,
+        'posthook': IFUPDOWN_IPV6_MTU_POST_HOOK,
+    }
+
+    hookfn = {
+        'prehook': prehookfn,
+        'posthook': posthookfn,
+    }
+
+    for hook in ['prehook', 'posthook']:
+        fn = hookfn[hook]
+        cfg = util.target_path(target, path=fn)
+        LOG.info('Injecting fix for ipv6 mtu settings: %s', cfg)
+        util.write_file(cfg, contents[hook], mode=0o755)
+
+
+def _disable_ipv6_privacy_extensions(target,
+                                     path="etc/sysctl.d/10-ipv6-privacy.conf"):
+
+    """Ubuntu server image sets a preference to use IPv6 privacy extensions
+       by default; this races with the cloud-image desire to disable them.
+       Resolve this by allowing the cloud-image setting to win. """
+
+    cfg = util.target_path(target, path=path)
+    if not os.path.exists(cfg):
+        LOG.warn('Failed to find ipv6 privacy conf file %s', cfg)
+        return
+
+    bmsg = "Disabling IPv6 privacy extensions config may not apply."
+    try:
+        contents = util.load_file(cfg)
+        known_contents = ["net.ipv6.conf.all.use_tempaddr = 2",
+                          "net.ipv6.conf.default.use_tempaddr = 2"]
+        lines = [f.strip() for f in contents.splitlines()
+                 if not f.startswith("#")]
+        if lines == known_contents:
+            LOG.info('deleting file: %s', cfg)
+            util.del_file(cfg)
+            msg = "removed %s with known contents" % cfg
+            curtin_contents = '\n'.join(
+                ["# IPv6 Privacy Extensions (RFC 4941)",
+                 "# Disabled by curtin",
+                 "# net.ipv6.conf.all.use_tempaddr = 2",
+                 "# net.ipv6.conf.default.use_tempaddr = 2"])
+            util.write_file(cfg, curtin_contents)
+        else:
+            LOG.info('skipping, content didnt match')
+            LOG.debug("found content:\n%s", lines)
+            LOG.debug("expected contents:\n%s", known_contents)
+            msg = (bmsg + " '%s' exists with user configured content." % cfg)
+    except:
+        msg = bmsg + " %s exists, but could not be read." % cfg
+        LOG.exception(msg)
+        return
+
+
+def _maybe_remove_legacy_eth0(target,
+                              path="etc/network/interfaces.d/eth0.cfg"):
+    """Ubuntu cloud images previously included a 'eth0.cfg' that had
+       hard coded content.  That file would interfere with the rendered
+       configuration if it was present.
+
+       if the file does not exist do nothing.
+       If the file exists:
+         - with known content, remove it and warn
+         - with unknown content, leave it and warn
+    """
+
+    cfg = util.target_path(target, path=path)
+    if not os.path.exists(cfg):
+        LOG.warn('Failed to find legacy network conf file %s', cfg)
+        return
+
+    bmsg = "Dynamic networking config may not apply."
+    try:
+        contents = util.load_file(cfg)
+        known_contents = ["auto eth0", "iface eth0 inet dhcp"]
+        lines = [f.strip() for f in contents.splitlines()
+                 if not f.startswith("#")]
+        if lines == known_contents:
+            util.del_file(cfg)
+            msg = "removed %s with known contents" % cfg
+        else:
+            msg = (bmsg + " '%s' exists with user configured content." % cfg)
+    except:
+        msg = bmsg + " %s exists, but could not be read." % cfg
+        LOG.exception(msg)
+        return
+
+    LOG.warn(msg)
+
 
 def apply_net_main(args):
     #  curtin apply_net [--net-state=/config/netstate.yml] [--target=/]
@@ -76,6 +229,7 @@
         apply_net(target=state['target'],
                   network_state=state['network_state'],
                   network_config=state['network_config'])
+
     except Exception:
         LOG.exception('failed to apply network config')
         return 1
@@ -91,7 +245,7 @@
       'metavar': 'NETSTATE', 'action': 'store',
       'default': os.environ.get('OUTPUT_NETWORK_STATE')}),
      (('-t', '--target'),
-      {'help': ('target filesystem root to add swap file to. '
+      {'help': ('target filesystem root to configure networking to. '
                 'default is env["TARGET_MOUNT_POINT"]'),
        'metavar': 'TARGET', 'action': 'store',
        'default': os.environ.get('TARGET_MOUNT_POINT')}),

=== modified file 'curtin/commands/curthooks.py'
--- curtin/commands/curthooks.py	2016-07-29 17:19:20 +0000
+++ curtin/commands/curthooks.py	2016-08-29 20:01:45 +0000
@@ -28,9 +28,8 @@
 from curtin.log import LOG
 from curtin import swap
 from curtin import util
-from curtin import net
 from curtin.reporter import events
-from curtin.commands import apt_config
+from curtin.commands import apply_net, apt_config
 
 from . import populate_one_subcmd
 
@@ -109,42 +108,6 @@
         shutil.move(local_conf, local_conf + ".old")
 
 
-def _maybe_remove_legacy_eth0(target,
-                              path="/etc/network/interfaces.d/eth0.cfg"):
-    """Ubuntu cloud images previously included a 'eth0.cfg' that had
-       hard coded content.  That file would interfere with the rendered
-       configuration if it was present.
-
-       if the file does not exist do nothing.
-       If the file exists:
-         - with known content, remove it and warn
-         - with unknown content, leave it and warn
-    """
-
-    cfg = os.path.sep.join([target, path])
-    if not os.path.exists(cfg):
-        LOG.warn('Failed to find legacy conf file %s', cfg)
-        return
-
-    bmsg = "Dynamic networking config may not apply."
-    try:
-        contents = util.load_file(cfg)
-        known_contents = ["auto eth0", "iface eth0 inet dhcp"]
-        lines = [f.strip() for f in contents.splitlines()
-                 if not f.startswith("#")]
-        if lines == known_contents:
-            util.del_file(cfg)
-            msg = "removed %s with known contents" % cfg
-        else:
-            msg = (bmsg + " '%s' exists with user configured content." % cfg)
-    except:
-        msg = bmsg + " %s exists, but could not be read." % cfg
-        LOG.exception(msg)
-        return
-
-    LOG.warn(msg)
-
-
 def setup_zipl(cfg, target):
     if platform.machine() != 's390x':
         return
@@ -411,7 +374,6 @@
 
 
 def apply_networking(target, state):
-    netstate = state.get('network_state')
     netconf = state.get('network_config')
     interfaces = state.get('interfaces')
 
@@ -422,22 +384,13 @@
                 return True
         return False
 
-    ns = None
-    if is_valid_src(netstate):
-        LOG.debug("applying network_state")
-        ns = net.network_state.from_state_file(netstate)
-    elif is_valid_src(netconf):
-        LOG.debug("applying network_config")
-        ns = net.parse_net_config(netconf)
-
-    if ns is not None:
-        net.render_network_state(target=target, network_state=ns)
+    if is_valid_src(netconf):
+        LOG.info("applying network_config")
+        apply_net.apply_net(target, network_state=None, network_config=netconf)
     else:
         LOG.debug("copying interfaces")
         copy_interfaces(interfaces, target)
 
-    _maybe_remove_legacy_eth0(target)
-
 
 def copy_interfaces(interfaces, target):
     if not interfaces:

=== modified file 'curtin/net/__init__.py'
--- curtin/net/__init__.py	2016-06-16 17:43:17 +0000
+++ curtin/net/__init__.py	2016-08-29 20:01:45 +0000
@@ -299,7 +299,7 @@
             mac = iface.get('mac_address', '')
             # len(macaddr) == 2 * 6 + 5 == 17
             if ifname and mac and len(mac) == 17:
-                content += generate_udev_rule(ifname, mac)
+                content += generate_udev_rule(ifname, mac.lower())
 
     return content
 
@@ -349,7 +349,7 @@
         'subnets',
         'type',
     ]
-    if iface['type'] not in ['bond', 'bridge']:
+    if iface['type'] not in ['bond', 'bridge', 'vlan']:
         ignore_map.append('mac_address')
 
     for key, value in iface.items():
@@ -361,26 +361,52 @@
     return content
 
 
-def render_route(route):
-    content = "up route add"
+def render_route(route, indent=""):
+    """When rendering routes for an iface, in some cases applying a route
+    may result in the route command returning non-zero which produces
+    some confusing output for users manually using ifup/ifdown[1].  To
+    that end, we will optionally include an '|| true' postfix to each
+    route line allowing users to work with ifup/ifdown without using
+    --force option.
+
+    We may at somepoint not want to emit this additional postfix, and
+    add a 'strict' flag to this function.  When called with strict=True,
+    then we will not append the postfix.
+
+    1. http://askubuntu.com/questions/168033/
+             how-to-set-static-routes-in-ubuntu-server
+    """
+    content = []
+    up = indent + "post-up route add"
+    down = indent + "pre-down route del"
+    or_true = " || true"
     mapping = {
         'network': '-net',
         'netmask': 'netmask',
         'gateway': 'gw',
         'metric': 'metric',
     }
-    for k in ['network', 'netmask', 'gateway', 'metric']:
-        if k in route:
-            content += " %s %s" % (mapping[k], route[k])
-
-    content += '\n'
-    return content
-
-
-def iface_start_entry(iface, index):
+    if route['network'] == '0.0.0.0' and route['netmask'] == '0.0.0.0':
+        default_gw = " default gw %s" % route['gateway']
+        content.append(up + default_gw + or_true)
+        content.append(down + default_gw + or_true)
+    elif route['network'] == '::' and route['netmask'] == 0:
+        # ipv6!
+        default_gw = " -A inet6 default gw %s" % route['gateway']
+        content.append(up + default_gw + or_true)
+        content.append(down + default_gw + or_true)
+    else:
+        route_line = ""
+        for k in ['network', 'netmask', 'gateway', 'metric']:
+            if k in route:
+                route_line += " %s %s" % (mapping[k], route[k])
+        content.append(up + route_line + or_true)
+        content.append(down + route_line + or_true)
+    return "\n".join(content)
+
+
+def iface_start_entry(iface):
     fullname = iface['name']
-    if index != 0:
-        fullname += ":%s" % index
 
     control = iface['control']
     if control == "auto":
@@ -397,6 +423,16 @@
             "iface {fullname} {inet} {mode}\n").format(**subst)
 
 
+def subnet_is_ipv6(subnet):
+    # 'static6' or 'dhcp6'
+    if subnet['type'].endswith('6'):
+        # This is a request for DHCPv6.
+        return True
+    elif subnet['type'] == 'static' and ":" in subnet['address']:
+        return True
+    return False
+
+
 def render_interfaces(network_state):
     ''' Given state, emit etc/network/interfaces content '''
 
@@ -424,42 +460,43 @@
             content += "\n"
         subnets = iface.get('subnets', {})
         if subnets:
-            for index, subnet in zip(range(0, len(subnets)), subnets):
+            for index, subnet in enumerate(subnets):
                 if content[-2:] != "\n\n":
                     content += "\n"
                 iface['index'] = index
                 iface['mode'] = subnet['type']
                 iface['control'] = subnet.get('control', 'auto')
                 subnet_inet = 'inet'
-                if iface['mode'].endswith('6'):
-                    # This is a request for DHCPv6.
-                    subnet_inet += '6'
-                elif iface['mode'] == 'static' and ":" in subnet['address']:
-                    # This is a static IPv6 address.
+                if subnet_is_ipv6(subnet):
                     subnet_inet += '6'
                 iface['inet'] = subnet_inet
-                if iface['mode'].startswith('dhcp'):
+                if subnet['type'].startswith('dhcp'):
                     iface['mode'] = 'dhcp'
 
-                content += iface_start_entry(iface, index)
+                # do not emit multiple 'auto $IFACE' lines as older (precise)
+                # ifupdown complains
+                if "auto %s\n" % (iface['name']) in content:
+                    iface['control'] = 'alias'
+
+                content += iface_start_entry(iface)
                 content += iface_add_subnet(iface, subnet)
                 content += iface_add_attrs(iface, index)
-                if len(subnets) > 1 and index == 0:
-                    for i in range(1, len(subnets)):
-                        content += "    post-up ifup %s:%s\n" % (iface['name'],
-                                                                 i)
+
+                for route in subnet.get('routes', []):
+                    content += render_route(route, indent="    ") + '\n'
+
         else:
             # ifenslave docs say to auto the slave devices
-            if 'bond-master' in iface:
+            if 'bond-master' in iface or 'bond-slaves' in iface:
                 content += "auto {name}\n".format(**iface)
             content += "iface {name} {inet} {mode}\n".format(**iface)
-            content += iface_add_attrs(iface, index)
+            content += iface_add_attrs(iface, 0)
 
     for route in network_state.get('routes'):
         content += render_route(route)
 
     # global replacements until v2 format
-    content = content.replace('mac_address', 'hwaddress')
+    content = content.replace('mac_address', 'hwaddress ether')
 
     # Play nice with others and source eni config files
     content += "\nsource /etc/network/interfaces.d/*.cfg\n"

=== modified file 'curtin/net/network_state.py'
--- curtin/net/network_state.py	2015-09-18 18:12:02 +0000
+++ curtin/net/network_state.py	2016-08-29 20:01:45 +0000
@@ -121,6 +121,18 @@
         iface = interfaces.get(command['name'], {})
         for param, val in command.get('params', {}).items():
             iface.update({param: val})
+
+        # convert subnet ipv6 netmask to cidr as needed
+        subnets = command.get('subnets')
+        if subnets:
+            for subnet in subnets:
+                if subnet['type'] == 'static':
+                    if 'netmask' in subnet and ':' in subnet['address']:
+                        subnet['netmask'] = mask2cidr(subnet['netmask'])
+                        for route in subnet.get('routes', []):
+                            if 'netmask' in route:
+                                route['netmask'] = mask2cidr(route['netmask'])
+
         iface.update({
             'name': command.get('name'),
             'type': command.get('type'),
@@ -130,7 +142,7 @@
             'mtu': command.get('mtu'),
             'address': None,
             'gateway': None,
-            'subnets': command.get('subnets'),
+            'subnets': subnets,
         })
         self.network_state['interfaces'].update({command.get('name'): iface})
         self.dump_network_state()
@@ -141,6 +153,7 @@
             iface eth0.222 inet static
                     address 10.10.10.1
                     netmask 255.255.255.0
+                    hwaddress ether BC:76:4E:06:96:B3
                     vlan-raw-device eth0
         '''
         required_keys = [
@@ -332,6 +345,37 @@
     return ".".join([str(x) for x in mask])
 
 
+def ipv4mask2cidr(mask):
+    if '.' not in mask:
+        return mask
+    return sum([bin(int(x)).count('1') for x in mask.split('.')])
+
+
+def ipv6mask2cidr(mask):
+    if ':' not in mask:
+        return mask
+
+    bitCount = [0, 0x8000, 0xc000, 0xe000, 0xf000, 0xf800, 0xfc00, 0xfe00,
+                0xff00, 0xff80, 0xffc0, 0xffe0, 0xfff0, 0xfff8, 0xfffc,
+                0xfffe, 0xffff]
+    cidr = 0
+    for word in mask.split(':'):
+        if not word or int(word, 16) == 0:
+            break
+        cidr += bitCount.index(int(word, 16))
+
+    return cidr
+
+
+def mask2cidr(mask):
+    if ':' in mask:
+        return ipv6mask2cidr(mask)
+    elif '.' in mask:
+        return ipv4mask2cidr(mask)
+    else:
+        return mask
+
+
 if __name__ == '__main__':
     import sys
     import random

=== added file 'examples/network-ipv6-bond-vlan.yaml'
--- examples/network-ipv6-bond-vlan.yaml	1970-01-01 00:00:00 +0000
+++ examples/network-ipv6-bond-vlan.yaml	2016-08-29 20:01:45 +0000
@@ -0,0 +1,56 @@
+network:
+  version: 1
+  config:
+    - name: interface0
+      type: physical
+      mac_address: BC:76:4E:06:96:B3
+    - name: interface1
+      type: physical
+      mac_address: BC:76:4E:04:88:41
+    - type: bond
+      bond_interfaces:
+        - interface0
+        - interface1
+      name: bond0
+      params:
+        bond_miimon: 100
+        bond_mode: 802.3ad
+        bond_xmit_hash_policy: layer3+4
+    - type: vlan
+      name: bond0.108
+      vlan_id: '108'
+      vlan_link: bond0
+      subnets:
+        - type: static
+          address: 65.61.151.38
+          netmask: 255.255.255.252
+          routes:
+            - gateway: 65.61.151.37
+              netmask: 0.0.0.0
+              network: 0.0.0.0
+        - type: static
+          address: 2001:4800:78ff:1b:be76:4eff:fe06:96b3
+          netmask: 'ffff:ffff:ffff:ffff::'
+          routes:
+            - gateway: 2001:4800:78ff:1b::1
+              netmask: '::'
+              network: '::'
+    - type: vlan
+      name: bond0.208
+      vlan_id: '208'
+      vlan_link: bond0
+      subnets:
+        - address: 10.184.225.122
+          netmask: 255.255.255.252
+          type: static
+          routes:
+            - gateway: 10.184.225.121
+              netmask: 255.240.0.0
+              network: 10.176.0.0
+            - gateway: 10.184.225.121
+              netmask: 255.240.0.0
+              network: 10.208.0.0
+    - type: nameserver
+      address: 72.3.128.240
+    - type: nameserver
+      address: 72.3.128.241

=== added file 'examples/tests/basic_network_static_ipv6.yaml'
--- examples/tests/basic_network_static_ipv6.yaml	1970-01-01 00:00:00 +0000
+++ examples/tests/basic_network_static_ipv6.yaml	2016-08-29 20:01:45 +0000
@@ -0,0 +1,22 @@
+showtrace: true
+network:
+    version: 1
+    config:
+        # Physical interfaces.
+        - type: physical
+          name: interface0
+          mac_address: "52:54:00:12:34:00"
+          subnets:
+              - type: static
+                address: 2001:4800:78ff:1b:be76:4eff:fe06:96b3
+                netmask: 'ffff:ffff:ffff:ffff::'
+                routes:
+                  - gateway: 2001:4800:78ff:1b::1
+                    netmask: '::'
+                    network: '::'
+        - type: nameserver
+          address:
+            - 10.0.2.3
+          search:
+            - wark.maas
+            - foobar.maas

=== added file 'examples/tests/network_alias.yaml'
--- examples/tests/network_alias.yaml	1970-01-01 00:00:00 +0000
+++ examples/tests/network_alias.yaml	2016-08-29 20:01:45 +0000
@@ -0,0 +1,125 @@
+showtrace: true
+network:
+    version: 1
+    config:
+        # no-alias: single v4 and v6 on same interface
+        - type: physical
+          name: interface0
+          mac_address: "52:54:00:12:34:00"
+          subnets:
+              - type: static
+                address: 192.168.1.2/24
+                mtu: 1501
+              - type: static
+                address: 2001:4800:78ff:1b:be76:4eff:fe06:ffac
+                netmask: 'ffff:ffff:ffff:ffff::'
+                mtu: 1480
+        # multi_v4_alias: multiple v4 addrs on same interface
+        - type: physical
+          name: interface1
+          mac_address: "52:54:00:12:34:02"
+          subnets:
+              - type: static
+                address: 192.168.2.2/22
+                routes:
+                  - network: 192.168.0.0
+                    netmask: 255.255.252.0
+                    gateway: 192.168.2.1
+              - type: static
+                address: 10.23.23.7/23
+                routes:
+                  - gateway: 10.23.23.1
+                    netmask: 255.255.254.0
+                    network: 10.23.22.0
+        # multi_v6_alias: multiple v6 addrs on same interface
+        - type: physical
+          name: interface2
+          mac_address: "52:54:00:12:34:04"
+          subnets:
+              - type: static
+                address: 2001:4800:78ff:1b:be76:4eff:dead:1000
+                netmask: 'ffff:ffff:ffff:ffff::'
+              - type: static
+                address: 2001:4800:78ff:1b:be76:4eff:dead:2000
+                netmask: 'ffff:ffff:ffff:ffff::'
+              - type: static
+                address: 2001:4800:78ff:1b:be76:4eff:dead:3000
+                netmask: 'ffff:ffff:ffff:ffff::'
+        # multi_v4_and_v6_alias: multiple v4 and v6 addrs on same interface
+        - type: physical
+          name: interface3
+          mac_address: "52:54:00:12:34:06"
+          subnets:
+              - type: static
+                address: 192.168.7.7/22
+                routes:
+                  - network: 192.168.0.0
+                    netmask: 255.255.252.0
+                    gateway: 192.168.7.1
+              - type: static
+                address: 10.99.99.23/23
+                routes:
+                  - gateway: 10.99.99.1
+                    netmask: 255.255.254.0
+                    network: 10.99.98.0
+              - type: static
+                address: 2001:4800:78ff:1b:be76:4eff:beef:4000
+                netmask: 'ffff:ffff:ffff:ffff::'
+              - type: static
+                address: 2001:4800:78ff:1b:be76:4eff:beef:5000
+                netmask: 'ffff:ffff:ffff:ffff::'
+              - type: static
+                address: 2001:4800:78ff:1b:be76:4eff:beef:6000
+                netmask: 'ffff:ffff:ffff:ffff::'
+        # multi_v6_and_v4_revorder_alias: multiple v4 and v6 addr, rev order
+        - type: physical
+          name: interface4
+          mac_address: "52:54:00:12:34:08"
+          subnets:
+              - type: static
+                address: 2001:4800:78ff:1b:be76:4eff:debe:7000
+                netmask: 'ffff:ffff:ffff:ffff::'
+              - type: static
+                address: 2001:4800:78ff:1b:be76:4eff:debe:8000
+                netmask: 'ffff:ffff:ffff:ffff::'
+              - type: static
+                address: 2001:4800:78ff:1b:be76:4eff:debe:9000
+                netmask: 'ffff:ffff:ffff:ffff::'
+              - type: static
+                address: 192.168.100.100/22
+                routes:
+                  - network: 192.168.0.0
+                    netmask: 255.255.252.0
+                    gateway: 192.168.100.1
+              - type: static
+                address: 10.17.142.2/23
+                routes:
+                  - gateway: 10.17.142.1
+                    netmask: 255.255.254.0
+                    network: 10.17.142.0
+        # multi_v6_and_v4_mix_order: multiple v4 and v6 addr, mixed order
+        - type: physical
+          name: interface5
+          mac_address: "52:54:00:12:34:0a"
+          subnets:
+              - type: static
+                address: 2001:4800:78ff:1b:be76:4eff:baaf:a000
+                netmask: 'ffff:ffff:ffff:ffff::'
+              - type: static
+                address: 2001:4800:78ff:1b:be76:4eff:baaf:c000
+                netmask: 'ffff:ffff:ffff:ffff::'
+              - type: static
+                address: 192.168.200.200/22
+                routes:
+                  - network: 192.168.0.0
+                    netmask: 255.255.252.0
+                    gateway: 192.168.200.1
+              - type: static
+                address: 10.252.2.2/23
+                routes:
+                  - gateway: 10.252.2.1
+                    netmask: 255.255.254.0
+                    network: 10.252.2.0
+              - type: static
+                address: 2001:4800:78ff:1b:be76:4eff:baaf:b000
+                netmask: 'ffff:ffff:ffff:ffff::'

=== added file 'examples/tests/network_mtu.yaml'
--- examples/tests/network_mtu.yaml	1970-01-01 00:00:00 +0000
+++ examples/tests/network_mtu.yaml	2016-08-29 20:01:45 +0000
@@ -0,0 +1,88 @@
+showtrace: true
+network:
+    version: 1
+    config:
+        - type: physical
+          name: interface0
+          mac_address: "52:54:00:12:34:00"
+          subnets:
+              - type: static
+                address: 192.168.1.2/24
+                mtu: 1501
+              - type: static
+                address: 2001:4800:78ff:1b:be76:4eff:fe06:1000
+                netmask: 'ffff:ffff:ffff:ffff::'
+                mtu: 1480
+        - type: physical
+          name: interface1
+          mac_address: "52:54:00:12:34:02"
+          subnets:
+              - type: static
+                address: 192.168.2.2/24
+                mtu: 1501
+              - type: static
+                address: 2001:4800:78ff:1b:be76:4eff:fe06:2000
+                netmask: 'ffff:ffff:ffff:ffff::'
+                mtu: 1501
+        - type: physical
+          name: interface2
+          mac_address: "52:54:00:12:34:04"
+          subnets:
+              - type: static
+                address: 192.168.3.2/24
+              - type: static
+                address: 2001:4800:78ff:1b:be76:4eff:fe06:3000
+                netmask: 'ffff:ffff:ffff:ffff::'
+                mtu: 1501
+        - type: physical
+          name: interface3
+          mac_address: "52:54:00:12:34:06"
+          subnets:
+              - type: manual
+                control: manual
+              - type: static
+                address: 2001:4800:78ff:1b:be76:4eff:fe06:4000
+                netmask: 'ffff:ffff:ffff:ffff::'
+                mtu: 9000
+        - type: physical
+          name: interface4
+          mac_address: "52:54:00:12:34:08"
+          subnets:
+              - type: static
+                address: 2001:4800:78ff:1b:be76:4eff:fe06:5000
+                netmask: 'ffff:ffff:ffff:ffff::'
+                mtu: 1480
+              - type: static
+                address: 192.168.5.2/24
+                mtu: 1501
+        - type: physical
+          name: interface5
+          mac_address: "52:54:00:12:34:0c"
+          subnets:
+              - type: static
+                address: 2001:4800:78ff:1b:be76:4eff:fe06:6000
+                netmask: 'ffff:ffff:ffff:ffff::'
+                mtu: 1501
+              - type: static
+                address: 192.168.6.2/24
+                mtu: 1501
+        - type: physical
+          name: interface6
+          mac_address: "52:54:00:12:34:0e"
+          subnets:
+              - type: static
+                address: 2001:4800:78ff:1b:be76:4eff:fe06:7000
+                netmask: 'ffff:ffff:ffff:ffff::'
+                mtu: 1501
+              - type: static
+                address: 192.168.7.2/24
+        - type: physical
+          name: interface7
+          mac_address: "52:54:00:12:35:01"
+          subnets:
+              - type: static
+                address: 2001:4800:78ff:1b:be76:4eff:fe06:8000
+                netmask: 'ffff:ffff:ffff:ffff::'
+                mtu: 9000
+              - type: manual
+                control: manual

=== added file 'examples/tests/network_source_ipv6.yaml'
--- examples/tests/network_source_ipv6.yaml	1970-01-01 00:00:00 +0000
+++ examples/tests/network_source_ipv6.yaml	2016-08-29 20:01:45 +0000
@@ -0,0 +1,31 @@
+showtrace: true
+network:
+    version: 1
+    config:
+        # Physical interfaces.
+        - type: physical
+          name: interface0
+          mac_address: "52:54:00:12:34:00"
+          subnets:
+              - type: static
+                address: 2001:4800:78ff:1b:be76:4eff:fe06:96b3
+                netmask: 'ffff:ffff:ffff:ffff::'
+                routes:
+                  - gateway: 2001:4800:78ff:1b::1
+                    netmask: '::'
+                    network: '::'
+        - type: physical
+          name: interface2
+          mac_address: "52:54:00:12:34:04"
+        - type: nameserver
+          address:
+            - 10.0.2.3
+          search:
+            - wark.maas
+            - foobar.maas
+
+curthooks_commands:
+    # use curtin to inject a eni config file outside of the network yaml
+    # this allows us to test user installed configurations outside of
+    # curtin's control
+    aa_cleanup: ['curtin', 'in-target', '--', 'sh', '-c', "rm -f /etc/network/interfaces.d/eth0.cfg; /bin/echo -e 'auto interface2\niface interface2 inet static\n address 192.168.23.23/24\n' > /etc/network/interfaces.d/interface2.cfg"]

=== added file 'examples/tests/vlan_network_ipv6.yaml'
--- examples/tests/vlan_network_ipv6.yaml	1970-01-01 00:00:00 +0000
+++ examples/tests/vlan_network_ipv6.yaml	2016-08-29 20:01:45 +0000
@@ -0,0 +1,92 @@
+network:
+  config:
+  - id: interface0
+    mac_address: d4:be:d9:a8:49:13
+    mtu: 1500
+    name: interface0
+    subnets:
+    - address: 2001:4800:78ff:1b:be76:4eff:fe06:96b3
+      netmask: 'ffff:ffff:ffff:ffff::'
+      dns_nameservers:
+      - 10.245.168.2
+      routes:
+            - gateway: 2001:4800:78ff:1b::1
+              netmask: '::'
+              network: '::'
+      type: static
+    type: physical
+  - id: interface1
+    mac_address: d4:be:d9:a8:49:15
+    mtu: 1500
+    name: interface1
+    subnets:
+    - address: 2001:4800:beef:1b:be76:4eff:fe06:97b0
+      netmask: 'ffff:ffff:ffff:ffff::'
+      dns_nameservers: []
+      type: static
+    type: physical
+  - id: interface2
+    mac_address: d4:be:d9:a8:49:17
+    mtu: 1500
+    name: interface2
+    subnets:
+    - type: manual
+      control: manual
+    type: physical
+  - id: interface3
+    mac_address: d4:be:d9:a8:49:19
+    mtu: 1500
+    name: interface3
+    subnets:
+    - type: manual
+      control: manual
+    type: physical
+  - id: interface1.2667
+    mtu: 1500
+    name: interface1.2667
+    subnets:
+    - address: 2001:4800:dead:1b:be76:4eff:c486:12f7
+      netmask: 'ffff:ffff:ffff:ffff::'
+      dns_nameservers: []
+      type: static
+    type: vlan
+    vlan_id: 2667
+    vlan_link: interface1
+  - id: interface1.2668
+    mtu: 1500
+    name: interface1.2668
+    subnets:
+    - address: 2001:4800:feef:1b:be76:4eff:4242:2323
+      netmask: 'ffff:ffff:ffff:ffff::'
+      dns_nameservers: []
+      type: static
+    type: vlan
+    vlan_id: 2668
+    vlan_link: interface1
+  - id: interface1.2669
+    mtu: 1500
+    name: interface1.2669
+    subnets:
+    - address: 2001:4800:effe:1b:be76:7634:5f42:79ff
+      netmask: 'ffff:ffff:ffff:ffff::'
+      dns_nameservers: []
+      type: static
+    type: vlan
+    vlan_id: 2669
+    vlan_link: interface1
+  - id: interface1.2670
+    mtu: 1500
+    name: interface1.2670
+    subnets:
+    - address: 2001:4800:9eaf:1b:be76:7634:321f:bbca
+      netmask: 'ffff:ffff:ffff:ffff::'
+      dns_nameservers: []
+      type: static
+    type: vlan
+    vlan_id: 2670
+    vlan_link: interface1
+  - address: 10.245.168.2
+    search:
+    - dellstack
+    type: nameserver
+  version: 1

=== modified file 'tests/unittests/test_net.py'
--- tests/unittests/test_net.py	2016-06-16 17:43:17 +0000
+++ tests/unittests/test_net.py	2016-08-29 20:01:45 +0000
@@ -473,10 +473,9 @@
 
             auto eth0
             iface eth0 inet dhcp
-                post-up ifup eth0:1
 
-            auto eth0:1
-            iface eth0:1 inet static
+            # control-alias eth0
+            iface eth0 inet static
                 address 192.168.21.3/24
                 dns-nameservers 8.8.8.8 8.8.4.4
                 dns-search barley.maas sach.maas
@@ -515,12 +514,11 @@
             iface bond0 inet static
                 address 10.23.23.2/24
                 bond-mode active-backup
-                hwaddress 52:54:00:12:34:06
+                hwaddress ether 52:54:00:12:34:06
                 bond-slaves none
-                post-up ifup bond0:1
 
-            auto bond0:1
-            iface bond0:1 inet static
+            # control-alias bond0
+            iface bond0 inet static
                 address 10.23.24.2/24
 
             source /etc/network/interfaces.d/*.cfg
@@ -551,10 +549,9 @@
                 address 192.168.14.2/24
                 gateway 192.168.14.1
                 mtu 1492
-                post-up ifup interface1:1
 
-            auto interface1:1
-            iface interface1:1 inet static
+            # control-alias interface1
+            iface interface1 inet static
                 address 192.168.14.4/24
 
             allow-hotplug interface2
@@ -597,10 +594,9 @@
             auto eth0
             iface eth0 inet6 static
                 address fde9:8f83:4a81:1:0:1:0:6/64
-                post-up ifup eth0:1
 
-            auto eth0:1
-            iface eth0:1 inet static
+            # control-alias eth0
+            iface eth0 inet static
                 address 192.168.0.1/24
 
             source /etc/network/interfaces.d/*.cfg
@@ -613,5 +609,50 @@
         self.assertEqual(sorted(ifaces.split('\n')),
                          sorted(net_ifaces.split('\n')))
 
+    def test_render_interfaces_ipv4_multiple_alias(self):
+        network_yaml = '''
+network:
+    version: 1
+    config:
+        # multi_v4_alias: multiple v4 addrs on same interface
+        - type: physical
+          name: interface1
+          mac_address: "52:54:00:12:34:02"
+          subnets:
+              - type: dhcp
+              - type: static
+                address: 192.168.2.2/22
+                gateway: 192.168.2.1
+              - type: static
+                address: 10.23.23.7/23
+                gateway: 10.23.23.1
+'''
+
+        ns = self.get_net_state(network_yaml)
+        ifaces = dedent("""\
+            auto lo
+            iface lo inet loopback
+
+            auto interface1
+            iface interface1 inet dhcp
+
+            # control-alias interface1
+            iface interface1 inet static
+                address 192.168.2.2/22
+                gateway 192.168.2.1
+
+            # control-alias interface1
+            iface interface1 inet static
+                address 10.23.23.7/23
+                gateway 10.23.23.1
+
+            source /etc/network/interfaces.d/*.cfg
+            """)
+        net_ifaces = net.render_interfaces(ns.network_state)
+        print(net_ifaces)
+        print(ifaces)
+        self.assertEqual(sorted(ifaces.split('\n')),
+                         sorted(net_ifaces.split('\n')))
+
 
 # vi: ts=4 expandtab syntax=python

=== modified file 'tests/vmtests/helpers.py'
--- tests/vmtests/helpers.py	2016-06-16 18:45:05 +0000
+++ tests/vmtests/helpers.py	2016-08-29 20:01:45 +0000
@@ -119,170 +119,133 @@
     return sorted(releases)
 
 
-def _parse_ifconfig_xenial(ifconfig_out):
-    """Parse ifconfig output from xenial or earlier and return a dictionary.
-    given content like below, return:
-    {'eth0': {'address': '10.8.1.78', 'broadcast': '10.8.1.255',
-              'inet6': [{'address': 'fe80::216:3eff:fe63:c05d',
-                         'prefixlen': '64', 'scope': 'Link'},
-                        {'address': 'fdec:2922:2f07:0:216:3eff:fe63:c05d',
-                         'prefixlen': '64', 'scope': 'Global'}],
-              'interface': 'eth0', 'link_encap': 'Ethernet',
-              'mac_address': '00:16:3e:63:c0:5d', 'mtu': 1500,
-              'multicast': True, 'netmask': '255.255.255.0',
-              'running': True, 'up': True}}
-
-    eth0  Link encap:Ethernet  HWaddr 00:16:3e:63:c0:5d
-          inet addr:10.8.1.78  Bcast:10.8.1.255  Mask:255.255.255.0
-          inet6 addr: fe80::216:3eff:fe63:c05d/64 Scope:Link
-          inet6 addr: fdec:2922:2f07:0:216:3eff:fe63:c05d/64 Scope:Global
-          UP BROADCAST RUNNING MULTICAST  MTU:1500  Metric:1
-          RX packets:21503 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 frame:0
-          TX packets:11346 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 carrier:0
-          collisions:0 txqueuelen:1000
-          RX bytes:31556357 (31.5 MB)  TX bytes:870943 (870.9 KB)
-    """
-    ifaces = {}
-    combined_fields = {'addr': 'address', 'Bcast': 'broadcast',
-                       'Mask': 'netmask', 'MTU': 'mtu',
-                       'encap': 'link_encap'}
-    boolmap = {'RUNNING': 'running', 'UP': 'up', 'MULTICAST': 'multicast'}
-
-    for line in ifconfig_out.splitlines():
-        if not line:
-            continue
-        if not line.startswith(" "):
-            cur_iface = line.split()[0].rstrip(":")
-            cur_data = {'inet6': [], 'interface': cur_iface}
-            for t in boolmap.values():
-                cur_data[t] = False
-            ifaces[cur_iface] = cur_data
-
-        toks = line.split()
-
-        if toks[0] == "inet6":
-            cidr = toks[2]
-            address, prefixlen = cidr.split("/")
-            scope = toks[3].split(":")[1]
-            cur_ipv6 = {'address': address, 'scope': scope,
-                        'prefixlen': prefixlen}
-            cur_data['inet6'].append(cur_ipv6)
-            continue
-
-        for i in range(0, len(toks)):
-            cur_tok = toks[i]
-            try:
-                next_tok = toks[i+1]
-            except IndexError:
-                next_tok = None
-
-            if cur_tok == "HWaddr":
-                cur_data['mac_address'] = next_tok
-            elif ":" in cur_tok:
-                key, _colon, val = cur_tok.partition(":")
-                if key in combined_fields:
-                    cur_data[combined_fields[key]] = val
-            elif cur_tok in boolmap:
-                cur_data[boolmap[cur_tok]] = True
-
-        if 'mtu' in cur_data:
-            cur_data['mtu'] = int(cur_data['mtu'])
-
-    return ifaces
-
-
-def _parse_ifconfig_yakkety(ifconfig_out):
-    """Parse ifconfig output from yakkety or later(?) and return a dictionary.
-
-    given ifconfig output like below, return:
-    {'ens2': {'address': '10.5.0.78',
-              'broadcast': '10.5.255.255',
-              'broadcast_flag': True,
-              'inet6': [{'address': 'fe80::f816:3eff:fe05:9673',
-                         'prefixlen': '64', 'scopeid': '0x20<link>'},
-                        {'address': 'fe80::f816:3eff:fe05:9673',
-                         'prefixlen': '64', 'scopeid': '0x20<link>'}],
-              'interface': 'ens2', 'link_encap': 'Ethernet',
-              'mac_address': 'fa:16:3e:05:96:73', 'mtu': 1500,
-              'multicast': True, 'netmask': '255.255.0.0',
-              'running': True, 'up': True}}
-
-    ens2: flags=4163<UP,BROADCAST,RUNNING,MULTICAST>  mtu 1500
-            inet 10.5.0.78  netmask 255.255.0.0  broadcast 10.5.255.255
-            inet6 fe80::f816:3eff:fe05:9673  prefixlen 64  scopeid 0x20<link>
-            inet6 fe80::f816:3eff:fe05:9673  prefixlen 64  scopeid 0x20<link>
-            ether fa:16:3e:05:96:73  txqueuelen 1000  (Ethernet)
-            RX packets 33196  bytes 48916947 (48.9 MB)
-            RX errors 0  dropped 0  overruns 0  frame 0
-            TX packets 5458  bytes 411486 (411.4 KB)
-            TX errors 0  dropped 0 overruns 0  carrier 0  collisions 0
-    """
-    fmap = {'mtu': 'mtu', 'inet': 'address',
-            'netmask': 'netmask', 'broadcast': 'broadcast',
-            'ether': 'mac_address'}
-    boolmap = {'RUNNING': 'running', 'UP': 'up', 'MULTICAST': 'multicast',
-               'BROADCAST': 'broadcast_flag'}
-
-    ifaces = {}
-    for line in ifconfig_out.splitlines():
-        if not line:
-            continue
-        if not line.startswith(" "):
-            cur_iface = line.split()[0].rstrip(":")
-            cur_data = {'inet6': [], 'interface': cur_iface}
-            for t in boolmap.values():
-                cur_data[t] = False
-            ifaces[cur_iface] = cur_data
-
-        toks = line.split()
-        if toks[0] == "inet6":
-            cur_ipv6 = {'address': toks[1]}
-            cur_data['inet6'].append(cur_ipv6)
-
-        for i in range(0, len(toks)):
-            cur_tok = toks[i]
-            try:
-                next_tok = toks[i+1]
-            except IndexError:
-                next_tok = None
-            if cur_tok in fmap:
-                cur_data[fmap[cur_tok]] = next_tok
-            elif cur_tok in ('prefixlen', 'scopeid'):
-                cur_ipv6[cur_tok] = next_tok
-                cur_data['inet6'].append
-            elif cur_tok.startswith("flags="):
-                # flags=4163<UP,BROADCAST,RUNNING,MULTICAST>
-                flags = cur_tok[cur_tok.find("<") + 1:
-                                cur_tok.rfind(">")].split(",")
-                for flag in flags:
-                    if flag in boolmap:
-                        cur_data[boolmap[flag]] = True
-            elif cur_tok == "(Ethernet)":
-                cur_data['link_encap'] = 'Ethernet'
-
-        if 'mtu' in cur_data:
-            cur_data['mtu'] = int(cur_data['mtu'])
-
-    return ifaces
-
-
-def ifconfig_to_dict(ifconfig_a):
-    # if the first token of the first line ends in a ':' then assume yakkety
-    # parse ifconfig output and return a dictionary.
-    #
+def _parse_ip_a(ip_a):
+    """
+    2: interface0: <BROADCAST,MULTICAST,UP,LOWER_UP> mtu 1480 qdisc pfifo_fast\
+        state UP group default qlen 1000
+        link/ether 52:54:00:12:34:00 brd ff:ff:ff:ff:ff:ff
+        inet 192.168.1.2/24 brd 192.168.1.255 scope global interface0
+            valid_lft forever preferred_lft forever
+        inet6 2001:4800:78ff:1b:be76:4eff:fe06:1000/64 scope global
+            valid_lft forever preferred_lft forever
+        inet6 fe80::5054:ff:fe12:3400/64 scope link
+        valid_lft forever preferred_lft forever
+    """
+    ifaces = {}
+    combined_fields = {
+        'brd': 'broadcast',
+        'link/ether': 'mac_address',
+    }
+    interface_fields = [
+        'group',
+        'master',
+        'mtu',
+        'qdisc',
+        'qlen',
+        'state',
+    ]
+    inet_fields = [
+        'valid_lft',
+        'preferred_left'
+    ]
+    boolmap = {
+        'BROADCAST': 'broadcast',
+        'LOOPBACK': 'loopback',
+        'LOWER_UP': 'lower_up',
+        'MULTICAST': 'multicast',
+        'RUNNING': 'running',
+        'UP': 'up',
+    }
+
+    for line in ip_a.splitlines():
+        if not line:
+            continue
+
+        toks = line.split()
+        if not line.startswith("    "):
+            cur_iface = line.split()[1].rstrip(":")
+            cur_data = {
+                'inet4': [],
+                'inet6': [],
+                'interface': cur_iface
+            }
+            # vlan's get a fancy name <iface name>@<vlan_link>
+            if '@' in cur_iface:
+                cur_iface, vlan_link = cur_iface.split("@")
+                cur_data.update({'interface': cur_iface,
+                                 'vlan_link': vlan_link})
+            for t in boolmap.values():
+                # <BROADCAST,MULTICAST,UP,LOWER_UP>
+                cur_data[t] = t.upper() in line[2]
+            ifaces[cur_iface] = cur_data
+
+        for i in range(0, len(toks)):
+            cur_tok = toks[i]
+            try:
+                next_tok = toks[i+1]
+            except IndexError:
+                next_tok = None
+
+            # parse link/ether, brd
+            if cur_tok in combined_fields.keys():
+                cur_data[combined_fields[cur_tok]] = next_tok
+            # mtu an other interface line key/value pairs
+            elif cur_tok in interface_fields:
+                cur_data[cur_tok] = next_tok
+            elif cur_tok.startswith("inet"):
+                cidr = toks[1]
+                address, prefixlen = cidr.split("/")
+                cur_ip = {
+                    'address': address,
+                    'prefixlen': prefixlen,
+                }
+                if ":" in address:
+                    cur_ipv6 = cur_ip.copy()
+                    cur_ipv6.update({'scope': toks[3]})
+                    cur_data['inet6'].append(cur_ipv6)
+                else:
+                    cur_ipv4 = cur_ip.copy()
+                    if len(toks) > 5:
+                        cur_ipv4.update({'scope': toks[5]})
+                    else:
+                        cur_ipv4.update({'scope': toks[3]})
+                    cur_data['inet4'].append(cur_ipv4)
+
+                continue
+            elif cur_tok in inet_fields:
+                if ":" in address:
+                    cur_ipv6[cur_tok] = next_tok
+                else:
+                    cur_ipv4[cur_tok] = next_tok
+                continue
+
+    return ifaces
+
+
+def ip_a_to_dict(ip_a):
     # return a dictionary of network information like:
-    #  {'ens2': {'address': '10.5.0.78', 'broadcast': '10.5.255.255',
-    #         'broadcast_flag': True,
-    #         'inet6': [{'address': 'fe80::f816:3eff:fe05:9673',
-    #                    'prefixlen': '64', 'scopeid': '0x20<link>'},
-    #                   {'address': 'fe80::f816:3eff:fe05:9673',
-    #                    'prefixlen': '64', 'scopeid': '0x20<link>'}],
-    #         'interface': 'ens2', 'link_encap': 'Ethernet',
-    #         'mac_address': 'fa:16:3e:05:96:73', 'mtu': 1500,
-    #         'multicast': True, 'netmask': '255.255.0.0',
-    #         'running': True, 'up': True}}
-    line = ifconfig_a.lstrip().splitlines()[0]
-    if line.split()[0].endswith(":"):
-        return _parse_ifconfig_yakkety(ifconfig_a)
-    else:
-        return _parse_ifconfig_xenial(ifconfig_a)
+    # {'interface0': {'broadcast': '10.0.2.255',
+    #                 'group': 'default',
+    #                 'inet4': [{'address': '10.0.2.15',
+    #                            'preferred_lft': 'forever',
+    #                            'prefixlen': '24',
+    #                            'scope': 'global',
+    #                            'valid_lft': 'forever'}],
+    #                 'inet6': [{'address': 'fe80::5054:ff:fe12:3400',
+    #                            'preferred_lft': 'forever',
+    #                            'prefixlen': '64',
+    #                            'scope': 'link',
+    #                            'valid_lft': 'forever'}],
+    #                 'interface': 'interface0',
+    #                 'loopback': False,
+    #                 'lower_up': False,
+    #                 'mac_address': '52:54:00:12:34:00',
+    #                 'mtu': '1500',
+    #                 'multicast': False,
+    #                 'qdisc': 'pfifo_fast',
+    #                 'qlen': '1000',
+    #                 'running': False,
+    #                 'state': 'UP',
+    #                 'up': False},
+    # from iproute2 `ip a` command output
+    return _parse_ip_a(ip_a)

=== modified file 'tests/vmtests/test_basic.py'
--- tests/vmtests/test_basic.py	2016-08-09 15:01:07 +0000
+++ tests/vmtests/test_basic.py	2016-08-29 20:01:45 +0000
@@ -3,7 +3,6 @@
     get_apt_proxy)
 from .releases import base_vm_classes as relbase
 
-import os
 import re
 import textwrap
 
@@ -47,21 +46,17 @@
     def test_partition_numbers(self):
         # vde should have partitions 1 and 10
         disk = "vde"
-        proc_partitions_path = os.path.join(self.td.collect,
-                                            'proc_partitions')
-        self.assertTrue(os.path.exists(proc_partitions_path))
         found = []
-        with open(proc_partitions_path, 'r') as fp:
-            for line in fp.readlines():
-                if disk in line:
-                    found.append(line.split()[3])
+        proc_partitions = self.load_collect_file('proc_partitions')
+        for line in proc_partitions.splitlines():
+            if disk in line:
+                found.append(line.split()[3])
         # /proc/partitions should have 3 lines with 'vde' in them.
         expected = [disk + s for s in ["", "1", "10"]]
         self.assertEqual(found, expected)
 
     def test_partitions(self):
-        with open(os.path.join(self.td.collect, "fstab")) as fp:
-            fstab_lines = fp.readlines()
+        fstab_lines = self.load_collect_file('fstab').splitlines()
         print("\n".join(fstab_lines))
         # Test that vda1 is on /
         blkid_info = self.get_blkid_data("blkid_output_vda1")
@@ -94,12 +89,8 @@
 
     def test_whole_disk_format(self):
         # confirm the whole disk format is the expected device
-        with open(os.path.join(self.td.collect,
-                  "btrfs_show_super_vdd"), "r") as fp:
-            btrfs_show_super = fp.read()
-
-        with open(os.path.join(self.td.collect, "ls_uuid"), "r") as fp:
-            ls_uuid = fp.read()
+        btrfs_show_super = self.load_collect_file('btrfs_show_super_vdd')
+        ls_uuid = self.load_collect_file("ls_uuid")
 
         # extract uuid from btrfs superblock
         btrfs_fsid = [line for line in btrfs_show_super.split('\n')
@@ -123,8 +114,7 @@
 
     def test_proxy_set(self):
         expected = get_apt_proxy()
-        with open(os.path.join(self.td.collect, "apt-proxy")) as fp:
-            apt_proxy_found = fp.read().rstrip()
+        apt_proxy_found = self.load_collect_file("apt-proxy").rstrip()
         if expected:
             # the proxy should have gotten set through
             self.assertIn(expected, apt_proxy_found)
@@ -157,12 +147,8 @@
 
     def test_whole_disk_format(self):
         # confirm the whole disk format is the expected device
-        with open(os.path.join(self.td.collect,
-                  "btrfs_show_super_vdd"), "r") as fp:
-            btrfs_show_super = fp.read()
-
-        with open(os.path.join(self.td.collect, "ls_uuid"), "r") as fp:
-            ls_uuid = fp.read()
+        btrfs_show_super = self.load_collect_file("btrfs_show_super_vdd")
+        ls_uuid = self.load_collect_file("ls_uuid")
 
         # extract uuid from btrfs superblock
         btrfs_fsid = re.findall('.*uuid:\ (.*)\n', btrfs_show_super)
@@ -275,21 +261,17 @@
     def test_partition_numbers(self):
         # vde should have partitions 1 and 10
         disk = "sdd"
-        proc_partitions_path = os.path.join(self.td.collect,
-                                            'proc_partitions')
-        self.assertTrue(os.path.exists(proc_partitions_path))
         found = []
-        with open(proc_partitions_path, 'r') as fp:
-            for line in fp.readlines():
-                if disk in line:
-                    found.append(line.split()[3])
+        proc_partitions = self.load_collect_file('proc_partitions')
+        for line in proc_partitions.splitlines():
+            if disk in line:
+                found.append(line.split()[3])
         # /proc/partitions should have 3 lines with 'vde' in them.
         expected = [disk + s for s in ["", "1", "10"]]
         self.assertEqual(found, expected)
 
     def test_partitions(self):
-        with open(os.path.join(self.td.collect, "fstab")) as fp:
-            fstab_lines = fp.readlines()
+        fstab_lines = self.load_collect_file('fstab').splitlines()
         print("\n".join(fstab_lines))
         # Test that vda1 is on /
         blkid_info = self.get_blkid_data("blkid_output_sda1")
@@ -322,12 +304,8 @@
 
     def test_whole_disk_format(self):
         # confirm the whole disk format is the expected device
-        with open(os.path.join(self.td.collect,
-                  "btrfs_show_super_sdc"), "r") as fp:
-            btrfs_show_super = fp.read()
-
-        with open(os.path.join(self.td.collect, "ls_uuid"), "r") as fp:
-            ls_uuid = fp.read()
+        btrfs_show_super = self.load_collect_file("btrfs_show_super_sdc")
+        ls_uuid = self.load_collect_file("ls_uuid")
 
         # extract uuid from btrfs superblock
         btrfs_fsid = [line for line in btrfs_show_super.split('\n')

=== modified file 'tests/vmtests/test_bcache_basic.py'
--- tests/vmtests/test_bcache_basic.py	2016-06-13 20:49:15 +0000
+++ tests/vmtests/test_bcache_basic.py	2016-08-29 20:01:45 +0000
@@ -2,7 +2,6 @@
 from .releases import base_vm_classes as relbase
 
 import textwrap
-import os
 
 
 class TestBcacheBasic(VMBaseClass):
@@ -27,14 +26,12 @@
 
     def test_bcache_status(self):
         bcache_cset_uuid = None
-        fname = os.path.join(self.td.collect, "bcache_super_vda2")
-        with open(fname, "r") as fp:
-            for line in fp.read().splitlines():
-                if line != "" and line.split()[0] == "cset.uuid":
-                    bcache_cset_uuid = line.split()[-1].rstrip()
+        for line in self.load_collect_file("bcache_super_vda2").splitlines():
+            if line != "" and line.split()[0] == "cset.uuid":
+                bcache_cset_uuid = line.split()[-1].rstrip()
         self.assertIsNotNone(bcache_cset_uuid)
-        with open(os.path.join(self.td.collect, "bcache_ls"), "r") as fp:
-            self.assertTrue(bcache_cset_uuid in fp.read().splitlines())
+        self.assertTrue(bcache_cset_uuid in
+                        self.load_collect_file("bcache_ls").splitlines())
 
     def test_bcache_cachemode(self):
         self.check_file_regex("bcache_cache_mode", r"\[writeback\]")

=== removed file 'tests/vmtests/test_bonding.py'
--- tests/vmtests/test_bonding.py	2016-08-09 15:01:07 +0000
+++ tests/vmtests/test_bonding.py	1970-01-01 00:00:00 +0000
@@ -1,205 +0,0 @@
-from . import VMBaseClass, logger, helpers
-from .releases import base_vm_classes as relbase
-
-import ipaddress
-import os
-import re
-import textwrap
-import yaml
-
-
-class TestNetworkAbs(VMBaseClass):
-    interactive = False
-    conf_file = "examples/tests/bonding_network.yaml"
-    extra_disks = []
-    extra_nics = []
-    collect_scripts = [textwrap.dedent("""
-        cd OUTPUT_COLLECT_D
-        ifconfig -a > ifconfig_a
-        cp -av /etc/network/interfaces .
-        cp -av /etc/udev/rules.d/70-persistent-net.rules .
-        ip -o route show > ip_route_show
-        route -n > route_n
-        dpkg-query -W -f '${Status}' ifenslave > ifenslave_installed
-        find /etc/network/interfaces.d > find_interfacesd
-        """)]
-
-    def test_output_files_exist(self):
-        self.output_files_exist(["ifconfig_a",
-                                 "interfaces",
-                                 "70-persistent-net.rules",
-                                 "ip_route_show",
-                                 "ifenslave_installed",
-                                 "route_n"])
-
-    def test_ifenslave_installed(self):
-        with open(os.path.join(self.td.collect, "ifenslave_installed")) as fp:
-            status = fp.read().strip()
-            logger.debug('ifenslave installed: {}'.format(status))
-            self.assertEqual('install ok installed', status)
-
-    def test_etc_network_interfaces(self):
-        with open(os.path.join(self.td.collect, "interfaces")) as fp:
-            eni = fp.read()
-            logger.debug('etc/network/interfaces:\n{}'.format(eni))
-
-        expected_eni = self.get_expected_etc_network_interfaces()
-        eni_lines = eni.split('\n')
-        for line in expected_eni.split('\n'):
-            self.assertTrue(line in eni_lines)
-
-    def test_ifconfig_output(self):
-        '''check ifconfig output with test input'''
-        network_state = self.get_network_state()
-        logger.debug('expected_network_state:\n{}'.format(
-            yaml.dump(network_state, default_flow_style=False, indent=4)))
-
-        with open(os.path.join(self.td.collect, "ifconfig_a")) as fp:
-            ifconfig_a = fp.read()
-            logger.debug('ifconfig -a:\n{}'.format(ifconfig_a))
-
-        ifconfig_dict = helpers.ifconfig_to_dict(ifconfig_a)
-        logger.debug('parsed ifcfg dict:\n{}'.format(
-            yaml.dump(ifconfig_dict, default_flow_style=False, indent=4)))
-
-        with open(os.path.join(self.td.collect, "ip_route_show")) as fp:
-            ip_route_show = fp.read()
-            logger.debug("ip route show:\n{}".format(ip_route_show))
-            for line in [line for line in ip_route_show.split('\n')
-                         if 'src' in line]:
-                m = re.search(r'^(?P<network>\S+)\sdev\s' +
-                              r'(?P<devname>\S+)\s+' +
-                              r'proto kernel\s+scope link' +
-                              r'\s+src\s(?P<src_ip>\S+)',
-                              line)
-                route_info = m.groupdict('')
-                logger.debug(route_info)
-
-        with open(os.path.join(self.td.collect, "route_n")) as fp:
-            route_n = fp.read()
-            logger.debug("route -n:\n{}".format(route_n))
-
-        interfaces = network_state.get('interfaces')
-        for iface in interfaces.values():
-            subnets = iface.get('subnets', {})
-            if subnets:
-                for index, subnet in zip(range(0, len(subnets)), subnets):
-                    iface['index'] = index
-                    if index == 0:
-                        ifname = "{name}".format(**iface)
-                    else:
-                        ifname = "{name}:{index}".format(**iface)
-
-                    self.check_interface(iface,
-                                         ifconfig_dict.get(ifname),
-                                         route_n)
-            else:
-                iface['index'] = 0
-                self.check_interface(iface,
-                                     ifconfig_dict.get(iface['name']),
-                                     route_n)
-
-    def check_interface(self, iface, ifconfig, route_n):
-        logger.debug(
-            'testing iface:\n{}\n\nifconfig:\n{}'.format(iface, ifconfig))
-        subnets = iface.get('subnets', {})
-        if subnets and iface['index'] != 0:
-            ifname = "{name}:{index}".format(**iface)
-        else:
-            ifname = "{name}".format(**iface)
-
-        # initial check, do we have the correct iface ?
-        logger.debug('ifname={}'.format(ifname))
-        logger.debug("ifconfig['interface']={}".format(ifconfig['interface']))
-        self.assertEqual(ifname, ifconfig['interface'])
-
-        # check physical interface attributes
-        # FIXME: can't check mac_addr under bonding since
-        # the bond might change slave mac addrs
-        for key in ['mtu']:
-            if key in iface and iface[key]:
-                self.assertEqual(iface[key],
-                                 ifconfig[key])
-
-        def __get_subnet(subnets, subidx):
-            for index, subnet in zip(range(0, len(subnets)), subnets):
-                if index == subidx:
-                    break
-            return subnet
-
-        # check subnet related attributes, and specifically only
-        # the subnet specified by iface['index']
-        subnets = iface.get('subnets', {})
-        if subnets:
-            subnet = __get_subnet(subnets, iface['index'])
-            if 'address' in subnet and subnet['address']:
-                if ':' in subnet['address']:
-                    inet_iface = ipaddress.IPv6Interface(
-                        subnet['address'])
-                else:
-                    inet_iface = ipaddress.IPv4Interface(
-                        subnet['address'])
-
-                # check ip addr
-                self.assertEqual(str(inet_iface.ip),
-                                 ifconfig['address'])
-
-                self.assertEqual(str(inet_iface.netmask),
-                                 ifconfig['netmask'])
-
-                self.assertEqual(
-                    str(inet_iface.network.broadcast_address),
-                    ifconfig['broadcast'])
-
-            # handle gateway by looking at routing table
-            if 'gateway' in subnet and subnet['gateway']:
-                gw_ip = subnet['gateway']
-                gateways = [line for line in route_n.split('\n')
-                            if 'UG' in line and gw_ip in line]
-                logger.debug('matching gateways:\n{}'.format(gateways))
-                self.assertEqual(len(gateways), 1)
-                [gateways] = gateways
-                (dest, gw, genmask, flags, metric, ref, use, iface) = \
-                    gateways.split()
-                logger.debug('expected gw:{} found gw:{}'.format(gw_ip, gw))
-                self.assertEqual(gw_ip, gw)
-
-
-class PreciseHWETTestBonding(relbase.precise_hwe_t, TestNetworkAbs):
-    __test__ = True
-    # package names on precise are different, need to check on ifenslave-2.6
-    collect_scripts = TestNetworkAbs.collect_scripts + [textwrap.dedent("""
-             cd OUTPUT_COLLECT_D
-             dpkg-query -W -f '${Status}' ifenslave-2.6 > ifenslave_installed
-             """)]
-
-
-class TrustyTestBonding(relbase.trusty, TestNetworkAbs):
-    __test__ = False
-
-
-class TrustyHWEUTestBonding(relbase.trusty_hwe_u, TrustyTestBonding):
-    __test__ = True
-
-
-class TrustyHWEVTestBonding(relbase.trusty_hwe_v, TrustyTestBonding):
-    # Working, but off by default to safe test suite runtime
-    # oldest/newest HWE-* covered above/below
-    __test__ = False
-
-
-class TrustyHWEWTestBonding(relbase.trusty_hwe_w, TrustyTestBonding):
-    __test__ = True
-
-
-class WilyTestBonding(relbase.wily, TestNetworkAbs):
-    # EOL - 2016-07-28
-    __test__ = False
-
-
-class XenialTestBonding(relbase.xenial, TestNetworkAbs):
-    __test__ = True
-
-
-class YakketyTestBonding(relbase.yakkety, TestNetworkAbs):
-    __test__ = True

=== modified file 'tests/vmtests/test_mdadm_bcache.py'
--- tests/vmtests/test_mdadm_bcache.py	2016-08-09 15:01:07 +0000
+++ tests/vmtests/test_mdadm_bcache.py	2016-08-29 20:01:45 +0000
@@ -2,7 +2,6 @@
 from .releases import base_vm_classes as relbase
 
 import textwrap
-import os
 
 
 class TestMdadmAbs(VMBaseClass):
@@ -82,17 +81,16 @@
         bcache_cset_uuid = None
         found = {}
         for bcache_super in bcache_supers:
-            with open(os.path.join(self.td.collect, bcache_super), "r") as fp:
-                for line in fp.read().splitlines():
-                    if line != "" and line.split()[0] == "cset.uuid":
-                        bcache_cset_uuid = line.split()[-1].rstrip()
-                        if bcache_cset_uuid in found:
-                            found[bcache_cset_uuid].append(bcache_super)
-                        else:
-                            found[bcache_cset_uuid] = [bcache_super]
+            for line in self.load_collect_file(bcache_super).splitlines():
+                if line != "" and line.split()[0] == "cset.uuid":
+                    bcache_cset_uuid = line.split()[-1].rstrip()
+                    if bcache_cset_uuid in found:
+                        found[bcache_cset_uuid].append(bcache_super)
+                    else:
+                        found[bcache_cset_uuid] = [bcache_super]
             self.assertIsNotNone(bcache_cset_uuid)
-            with open(os.path.join(self.td.collect, "bcache_ls"), "r") as fp:
-                self.assertTrue(bcache_cset_uuid in fp.read().splitlines())
+            self.assertTrue(bcache_cset_uuid in
+                            self.load_collect_file("bcache_ls").splitlines())
 
         # one cset.uuid for all devices
         self.assertEqual(len(found), 1)

=== modified file 'tests/vmtests/test_multipath.py'
--- tests/vmtests/test_multipath.py	2016-06-23 14:26:39 +0000
+++ tests/vmtests/test_multipath.py	2016-08-29 20:01:45 +0000
@@ -1,7 +1,6 @@
 from . import VMBaseClass
 from .releases import base_vm_classes as relbase
 
-import os
 import textwrap
 
 
@@ -29,7 +28,7 @@
         ls -al /dev/disk/by-uuid/ > ls_uuid
         ls -al /dev/disk/by-id/ > ls_disk_id
         readlink -f /sys/class/block/sda/holders/dm-0 > holders_sda
-        readlink /sys/class/block/sdb/holders/dm-0 > holders_sdb
+        readlink -f /sys/class/block/sdb/holders/dm-0 > holders_sdb
         cat /etc/fstab > fstab
         mkdir -p /dev/disk/by-dname
         ls /dev/disk/by-dname/ > ls_dname
@@ -37,17 +36,10 @@
         """)]
 
     def test_multipath_disks_match(self):
-        sda = os.path.join(self.td.collect, 'holders_sda')
-        sdb = os.path.join(self.td.collect, 'holders_sdb')
-        self.assertTrue(os.path.exists(sda))
-        self.assertTrue(os.path.exists(sdb))
-        with open(sda, 'r') as fp:
-            sda_data = fp.read()
-            print('sda holders:\n%s' % sda_data)
-        with open(sda, 'r') as fp:
-            sdb_data = fp.read()
-            print('sdb holders:\n%s' % sda_data)
-
+        sda_data = self.load_collect_file("holders_sda")
+        print('sda holders:\n%s' % sda_data)
+        sdb_data = self.load_collect_file("holders_sdb")
+        print('sdb holders:\n%s' % sdb_data)
         self.assertEqual(sda_data, sdb_data)
 
 

=== modified file 'tests/vmtests/test_network.py'
--- tests/vmtests/test_network.py	2016-08-09 15:01:07 +0000
+++ tests/vmtests/test_network.py	2016-08-29 20:01:45 +0000
@@ -4,36 +4,46 @@
 import ipaddress
 import os
 import re
-import subprocess
 import textwrap
 import yaml
 
 
-class TestNetworkAbs(VMBaseClass):
+class TestNetworkBaseTestsAbs(VMBaseClass):
     interactive = False
-    conf_file = "examples/tests/basic_network.yaml"
     extra_disks = []
     extra_nics = []
     collect_scripts = [textwrap.dedent("""
         cd OUTPUT_COLLECT_D
+        echo "waiting for ipv6 to settle" && sleep 5
         ifconfig -a > ifconfig_a
+        ip link show > ip_link_show
+        ip a > ip_a
+        find /etc/network/interfaces.d > find_interfacesd
         cp -av /etc/network/interfaces .
         cp -av /etc/network/interfaces.d .
-        find /etc/network/interfaces.d > find_interfacesd
         cp /etc/resolv.conf .
         cp -av /etc/udev/rules.d/70-persistent-net.rules .
         ip -o route show > ip_route_show
+        ip -6 -o route show > ip_6_route_show
         route -n > route_n
+        route -6 -n > route_6_n
         cp -av /run/network ./run_network
+        cp -av /var/log/upstart ./upstart ||:
+        sleep 10 && ip a > ip_a
         """)]
 
     def test_output_files_exist(self):
-        self.output_files_exist(["ifconfig_a",
-                                 "interfaces",
-                                 "resolv.conf",
-                                 "70-persistent-net.rules",
-                                 "ip_route_show",
-                                 "route_n"])
+        self.output_files_exist([
+            "70-persistent-net.rules",
+            "find_interfacesd",
+            "ifconfig_a",
+            "interfaces",
+            "ip_a",
+            "ip_route_show",
+            "resolv.conf",
+            "route_6_n",
+            "route_n",
+        ])
 
     def test_etc_network_interfaces(self):
         with open(os.path.join(self.td.collect, "interfaces")) as fp:
@@ -76,27 +86,44 @@
         '''
         expected_ifaces = self.get_expected_etc_resolvconf()
         logger.debug('parsed eni ifaces:\n{}'.format(expected_ifaces))
+
+        def _mk_dns_lines(dns_type, config):
+            """ nameservers get a line per ns
+                search is a space-separated list """
+            lines = []
+            if dns_type == 'nameservers':
+                if ' ' in config:
+                    config = config.split()
+                for ns in config:
+                    lines.append("nameserver %s" % ns)
+            elif dns_type == 'search':
+                if isinstance(config, list):
+                    config = " ".join(config)
+                lines.append("search %s" % config)
+
+            return lines
+
         for ifname in expected_ifaces.keys():
             iface = expected_ifaces.get(ifname)
             for k, v in iface.get('dns', {}).items():
-                dns_line = '{} {}'.format(
-                    k.replace('nameservers', 'nameserver'), " ".join(v))
-                logger.debug('dns_line:{}'.format(dns_line))
-                self.assertTrue(dns_line in resolv_lines)
+                print('k=%s v=%s' % (k, v))
+                for dns_line in _mk_dns_lines(k, v):
+                    logger.debug('dns_line:%s', dns_line)
+                    self.assertTrue(dns_line in resolv_lines)
 
-    def test_ifconfig_output(self):
-        '''check ifconfig output with test input'''
+    def test_ip_output(self):
+        '''check iproute2 'ip a' output with test input'''
         network_state = self.get_network_state()
         logger.debug('expected_network_state:\n{}'.format(
             yaml.dump(network_state, default_flow_style=False, indent=4)))
 
-        with open(os.path.join(self.td.collect, "ifconfig_a")) as fp:
-            ifconfig_a = fp.read()
-            logger.debug('ifconfig -a:\n{}'.format(ifconfig_a))
+        with open(os.path.join(self.td.collect, "ip_a")) as fp:
+            ip_a = fp.read()
+            logger.debug('ip a:\n{}'.format(ip_a))
 
-        ifconfig_dict = helpers.ifconfig_to_dict(ifconfig_a)
-        logger.debug('parsed ifcfg dict:\n{}'.format(
-            yaml.dump(ifconfig_dict, default_flow_style=False, indent=4)))
+        ip_dict = helpers.ip_a_to_dict(ip_a)
+        print('parsed ip_a dict:\n{}'.format(
+            yaml.dump(ip_dict, default_flow_style=False, indent=4)))
 
         with open(os.path.join(self.td.collect, "ip_route_show")) as fp:
             ip_route_show = fp.read()
@@ -115,341 +142,167 @@
             route_n = fp.read()
             logger.debug("route -n:\n{}".format(route_n))
 
+        with open(os.path.join(self.td.collect, "route_6_n")) as fp:
+            route_6_n = fp.read()
+            logger.debug("route -6 -n:\n{}".format(route_6_n))
+
+        routes = {
+            '4': route_n,
+            '6': route_6_n,
+        }
         interfaces = network_state.get('interfaces')
         for iface in interfaces.values():
-            subnets = iface.get('subnets', {})
-            if subnets:
-                for index, subnet in zip(range(0, len(subnets)), subnets):
-                    iface['index'] = index
-                    if index == 0:
-                        ifname = "{name}".format(**iface)
-                    else:
-                        ifname = "{name}:{index}".format(**iface)
-
-                    self.check_interface(iface,
-                                         ifconfig_dict.get(ifname),
-                                         route_n)
-            else:
-                iface['index'] = 0
-                self.check_interface(iface,
-                                     ifconfig_dict.get(iface['name']),
-                                     route_n)
-
-    def check_interface(self, iface, ifconfig, route_n):
-        logger.debug(
-            'testing iface:\n{}\n\nifconfig:\n{}'.format(iface, ifconfig))
-        subnets = iface.get('subnets', {})
-        if subnets and iface['index'] != 0:
-            ifname = "{name}:{index}".format(**iface)
-        else:
-            ifname = "{name}".format(**iface)
-
+            print("\nnetwork_state iface: %s" % (
+                yaml.dump(iface, default_flow_style=False, indent=4)))
+            self.check_interface(iface['name'],
+                                 iface,
+                                 ip_dict.get(iface['name']),
+                                 routes)
+
+    def check_interface(self, ifname, iface, ipcfg, routes):
+        print('check_interface: testing '
+              'ifname:{}\niface:\n{}\n\nipcfg:\n{}'.format(ifname, iface,
+                                                           ipcfg))
+        # FIXME: remove check?
         # initial check, do we have the correct iface ?
-        logger.debug('ifname={}'.format(ifname))
-        logger.debug("ifconfig['interface']={}".format(ifconfig['interface']))
-        self.assertEqual(ifname, ifconfig['interface'])
-
-        # check physical interface attributes
-        for key in ['mac_address', 'mtu']:
+        print('ifname={}'.format(ifname))
+        self.assertEqual(ifname, ipcfg['interface'])
+        print("ipcfg['interface']={}".format(ipcfg['interface']))
+
+        # check physical interface attributes (skip bond members, macs change)
+        if iface['type'] in ['physical'] and 'bond-master' not in iface:
+            for key in ['mac_address']:
+                print("checking mac on iface: %s" % iface['name'])
+                if key in iface and iface[key]:
+                    self.assertEqual(iface[key].lower(),
+                                     ipcfg[key].lower())
+
+        # we can check mtu on all interfaces
+        for key in ['mtu']:
             if key in iface and iface[key]:
-                self.assertEqual(iface[key],
-                                 ifconfig[key])
-
-        def __get_subnet(subnets, subidx):
-            for index, subnet in zip(range(0, len(subnets)), subnets):
-                if index == subidx:
-                    break
-            return subnet
-
-        # check subnet related attributes, and specifically only
-        # the subnet specified by iface['index']
-        subnets = iface.get('subnets', {})
-        if subnets:
-            subnet = __get_subnet(subnets, iface['index'])
+                print("checking mtu on iface: %s" % iface['name'])
+                self.assertEqual(int(iface[key]),
+                                 int(ipcfg[key]))
+
+        # check subnet related attributes
+        subnets = iface.get('subnets')
+        if subnets is None:
+            subnets = []
+        for subnet in subnets:
+            config_inet_iface = None
+            found_inet_iface = None
+            print('validating subnet:\n%s' % subnet)
             if 'address' in subnet and subnet['address']:
+                # we will create to ipaddress.IPvXInterface objects
+                # one based on config, and other from collected data
+                # and compare.
+                config_ipstr = subnet['address']
+                if 'netmask' in subnet:
+                    config_ipstr += "/%s" % subnet['netmask']
+
+                # One more bit is how to construct the
+                # right Version interface, detecting on ":" in address
+                # detect ipv6 or v4
                 if ':' in subnet['address']:
-                    inet_iface = ipaddress.IPv6Interface(
-                        subnet['address'])
-                else:
-                    inet_iface = ipaddress.IPv4Interface(
-                        subnet['address'])
-
-                # check ip addr
-                self.assertEqual(str(inet_iface.ip),
-                                 ifconfig['address'])
-
-                self.assertEqual(str(inet_iface.netmask),
-                                 ifconfig['netmask'])
-
-                self.assertEqual(
-                    str(inet_iface.network.broadcast_address),
-                    ifconfig['broadcast'])
-
-            # handle gateway by looking at routing table
-            if 'gateway' in subnet and subnet['gateway']:
-                gw_ip = subnet['gateway']
-                gateways = [line for line in route_n.split('\n')
-                            if 'UG' in line and gw_ip in line]
-                logger.debug('matching gateways:\n{}'.format(gateways))
-                self.assertEqual(len(gateways), 1)
-                [gateways] = gateways
-                (dest, gw, genmask, flags, metric, ref, use, iface) = \
-                    gateways.split()
-                logger.debug('expected gw:{} found gw:{}'.format(gw_ip, gw))
-                self.assertEqual(gw_ip, gw)
-
-
-class TestNetworkStaticAbs(TestNetworkAbs):
-    conf_file = "examples/tests/basic_network_static.yaml"
-
-
-class TestNetworkVlanAbs(TestNetworkAbs):
-    conf_file = "examples/tests/vlan_network.yaml"
-    collect_scripts = TestNetworkAbs.collect_scripts + [textwrap.dedent("""
-             cd OUTPUT_COLLECT_D
-             dpkg-query -W -f '${Status}' vlan > vlan_installed
-             ip -d link show interface1.2667 > ip_link_show_interface1.2667
-             ip -d link show interface1.2668 > ip_link_show_interface1.2668
-             ip -d link show interface1.2669 > ip_link_show_interface1.2669
-             ip -d link show interface1.2670 > ip_link_show_interface1.2670
-             """)]
-
-    def get_vlans(self):
-        network_state = self.get_network_state()
-        logger.debug('get_vlans ns:\n{}'.format(
-            yaml.dump(network_state, default_flow_style=False, indent=4)))
-        interfaces = network_state.get('interfaces')
-        return [iface for iface in interfaces.values()
-                if iface['type'] == 'vlan']
-
-    def test_output_files_exist_vlan(self):
-        link_files = ["ip_link_show_{}".format(vlan['name'])
-                      for vlan in self.get_vlans()]
-        self.output_files_exist(["vlan_installed"] + link_files)
-
-    def test_vlan_installed(self):
-        with open(os.path.join(self.td.collect, "vlan_installed")) as fp:
-            status = fp.read().strip()
-            logger.debug('vlan installed?: {}'.format(status))
-            self.assertEqual('install ok installed', status)
-
-    def test_vlan_enabled(self):
-
-        # we must have at least one
-        self.assertGreaterEqual(len(self.get_vlans()), 1)
-
-        # did they get configured?
-        for vlan in self.get_vlans():
-            link_file = "ip_link_show_" + vlan['name']
-            vlan_msg = "vlan protocol 802.1Q id " + str(vlan['vlan_id'])
-            self.check_file_regex(link_file, vlan_msg)
-
-
-class TestNetworkENISource(TestNetworkAbs):
-    """ Curtin now emits a source /etc/network/interfaces.d/*.cfg
-        line.  This test exercises this feature by emitting additional
-        network configuration in /etc/network/interfaces.d/eth2.cfg
-
-        This relies on the network_config.yaml of the TestClass to
-        define a spare nic with no configuration.  This ensures that
-        a udev rule for eth2 is emitted so we can reference the interface
-        in our injected configuration.
-
-        Note, ifupdown allows multiple stanzas with the same iface name
-        and combines the options together during ifup.  We rely on this
-        feature allowing etc/network/interfaces to have an unconfigured
-        iface eth2 inet manual line, and then defer the configuration
-        to /etc/network/interfaces.d/eth2.cfg
-
-        This testcase then uses curtin.net.deb_parse_config method to
-        extract information about what curtin wrote and compare that
-        with what was actually configured (which we capture via ifconfig)
+                    # v6
+                    config_inet_iface = ipaddress.IPv6Interface(config_ipstr)
+                    ip_func = ipaddress.IPv6Interface
+                    addresses = ipcfg.get('inet6', [])
+                else:
+                    # v4
+                    config_inet_iface = ipaddress.IPv4Interface(config_ipstr)
+                    ip_func = ipaddress.IPv4Interface
+                    addresses = ipcfg.get('inet4', [])
+
+                # find a matching
+                print('found addresses: %s' % addresses)
+                for ip in addresses:
+                    print('cur ip=%s\nsubnet=%s' % (ip, subnet))
+                    # drop /CIDR if present for matching
+                    if (ip['address'].split("/")[0] ==
+                       subnet['address'].split("/")[0]):
+                        print('found a match!')
+                        found_ipstr = ip['address']
+                        if ('netmask' in subnet or '/' in subnet['address']):
+                            found_ipstr += "/%s" % ip.get('prefixlen')
+                        found_inet_iface = ip_func(found_ipstr)
+                        print('returning inet iface')
+                        break
+
+                # check ipaddress interface matches (config vs. found)
+                self.assertIsNotNone(config_inet_iface)
+                self.assertIsNotNone(found_inet_iface)
+                self.assertEqual(config_inet_iface, found_inet_iface)
+
+            def __find_gw_config(subnet):
+                gateways = []
+                if 'gateway' in subnet:
+                    gateways.append(subnet.get('gateway'))
+                for route in subnet.get('routes', []):
+                    gateways += __find_gw_config(route)
+                return gateways
+
+            # handle gateways by looking at routing table
+            configured_gws = __find_gw_config(subnet)
+            print('iface:%s configured_gws: %s' % (ifname, configured_gws))
+            for gw_ip in configured_gws:
+                logger.debug('found a gateway in subnet config: %s', gw_ip)
+                if ":" in gw_ip:
+                    route_d = routes['6']
+                else:
+                    route_d = routes['4']
+
+                found_gws = [line for line in route_d.split('\n')
+                             if 'UG' in line and gw_ip in line]
+                logger.debug('found gateways in guest output:\n%s', found_gws)
+
+                print('found_gws: %s\nexpected: %s' % (found_gws,
+                                                       configured_gws))
+                self.assertEqual(len(found_gws), len(configured_gws))
+                for fgw in found_gws:
+                    if ":" in gw_ip:
+                        (dest, gw, flags, metric, ref, use, iface) = \
+                            fgw.split()
+                    else:
+                        (dest, gw, genmask, flags, metric, ref, use, iface) = \
+                            fgw.split()
+                    logger.debug('configured gw:%s found gw:%s', gw_ip, gw)
+                    self.assertEqual(gw_ip, gw)
+
+
+class TestNetworkBasicAbs(TestNetworkBaseTestsAbs):
+    """ Basic network testing with ipv4
     """
-
-    conf_file = "examples/tests/network_source.yaml"
-    collect_scripts = [textwrap.dedent("""
-        cd OUTPUT_COLLECT_D
-        ifconfig -a > ifconfig_a
-        cp -av /etc/network/interfaces .
-        cp -a /etc/network/interfaces.d .
-        find /etc/network/interfaces.d > find_interfacesd
-        cp /etc/resolv.conf .
-        cp -av /etc/udev/rules.d/70-persistent-net.rules .
-        ip -o route show > ip_route_show
-        route -n > route_n
-        """)]
-
-    def test_source_cfg_exists(self):
-        """Test that our curthooks wrote our injected config."""
-        self.output_files_exist(["interfaces.d/interface2.cfg"])
-
-    def test_etc_network_interfaces_source_cfg(self):
-        """ Compare injected configuration as parsed by curtin matches
-            how ifup configured the interface."""
-        # interfaces uses absolute paths, fix for test-case
-        interfaces = os.path.join(self.td.collect, "interfaces")
-        cmd = ['sed', '-i.orig', '-e', 's,/etc/network/,,g',
-               '{}'.format(interfaces)]
-        subprocess.check_call(cmd, stderr=subprocess.STDOUT)
-
-        curtin_ifaces = self.parse_deb_config(interfaces)
-        logger.debug('parsed eni dict:\n{}'.format(
-            yaml.dump(curtin_ifaces, default_flow_style=False, indent=4)))
-        print('parsed eni dict:\n{}'.format(
-            yaml.dump(curtin_ifaces, default_flow_style=False, indent=4)))
-
-        with open(os.path.join(self.td.collect, "ifconfig_a")) as fp:
-            ifconfig_a = fp.read()
-            logger.debug('ifconfig -a:\n{}'.format(ifconfig_a))
-
-        ifconfig_dict = helpers.ifconfig_to_dict(ifconfig_a)
-        logger.debug('parsed ifconfig dict:\n{}'.format(
-            yaml.dump(ifconfig_dict, default_flow_style=False, indent=4)))
-        print('parsed ifconfig dict:\n{}'.format(
-            yaml.dump(ifconfig_dict, default_flow_style=False, indent=4)))
-
-        iface = 'interface2'
-        self.assertTrue(iface in curtin_ifaces)
-
-        expected_address = curtin_ifaces[iface].get('address', None)
-        self.assertIsNotNone(expected_address)
-
-        # handle CIDR notation
-        def _nocidr(addr):
-            return addr.split("/")[0]
-        actual_address = ifconfig_dict[iface].get('address', "")
-        self.assertEqual(_nocidr(expected_address), _nocidr(actual_address))
-
-
-class PreciseHWETTestNetwork(relbase.precise_hwe_t, TestNetworkAbs):
-    # FIXME: off due to hang at test: Starting execute cloud user/final scripts
-    __test__ = False
-
-
-class PreciseHWETTestNetworkStatic(relbase.precise_hwe_t,
-                                   TestNetworkStaticAbs):
-    # FIXME: off due to hang at test: Starting execute cloud user/final scripts
-    __test__ = False
-
-
-class TrustyTestNetwork(relbase.trusty, TestNetworkAbs):
-    __test__ = True
-
-
-class TrustyTestNetworkStatic(relbase.trusty, TestNetworkStaticAbs):
-    __test__ = True
-
-
-class TrustyHWEUTestNetwork(relbase.trusty_hwe_u, TrustyTestNetwork):
-    # Working, off by default to safe test suite runtime, covered by bonding
-    __test__ = False
-
-
-class TrustyHWEUTestNetworkStatic(relbase.trusty_hwe_u,
-                                  TestNetworkStaticAbs):
-    # Working, off by default to safe test suite runtime, covered by bonding
-    __test__ = False
-
-
-class TrustyHWEVTestNetwork(relbase.trusty_hwe_v, TrustyTestNetwork):
-    # Working, off by default to safe test suite runtime, covered by bonding
-    __test__ = False
-
-
-class TrustyHWEVTestNetworkStatic(relbase.trusty_hwe_v,
-                                  TestNetworkStaticAbs):
-    # Working, off by default to safe test suite runtime, covered by bonding
-    __test__ = False
-
-
-class TrustyHWEWTestNetwork(relbase.trusty_hwe_w, TrustyTestNetwork):
-    # Working, off by default to safe test suite runtime, covered by bonding
-    __test__ = False
-
-
-class TrustyHWEWTestNetworkStatic(relbase.trusty_hwe_w,
-                                  TestNetworkStaticAbs):
-    # Working, off by default to safe test suite runtime, covered by bonding
-    __test__ = False
-
-
-class WilyTestNetwork(relbase.wily, TestNetworkAbs):
-    # EOL - 2016-07-28
-    __test__ = False
-
-
-class WilyTestNetworkStatic(relbase.wily, TestNetworkStaticAbs):
-    # EOL - 2016-07-28
-    __test__ = False
-
-
-class XenialTestNetwork(relbase.xenial, TestNetworkAbs):
-    __test__ = True
-
-
-class XenialTestNetworkStatic(relbase.xenial, TestNetworkStaticAbs):
-    __test__ = True
-
-
-class YakketyTestNetwork(relbase.yakkety, TestNetworkAbs):
-    __test__ = True
-
-
-class YakketyTestNetworkStatic(relbase.yakkety, TestNetworkStaticAbs):
-    __test__ = True
-
-
-class PreciseTestNetworkVlan(relbase.precise, TestNetworkVlanAbs):
-    __test__ = True
-
-    # precise ip -d link show output is different (of course)
-    def test_vlan_enabled(self):
-
-        # we must have at least one
-        self.assertGreaterEqual(len(self.get_vlans()), 1)
-
-        # did they get configured?
-        for vlan in self.get_vlans():
-            link_file = "ip_link_show_" + vlan['name']
-            vlan_msg = "vlan id " + str(vlan['vlan_id'])
-            self.check_file_regex(link_file, vlan_msg)
-
-
-class TrustyTestNetworkVlan(relbase.trusty, TestNetworkVlanAbs):
-    __test__ = True
-
-
-class WilyTestNetworkVlan(relbase.wily, TestNetworkVlanAbs):
-    # EOL - 2016-07-28
-    __test__ = False
-
-
-class XenialTestNetworkVlan(relbase.xenial, TestNetworkVlanAbs):
-    __test__ = True
-
-
-class YakketyTestNetworkVlan(relbase.yakkety, TestNetworkVlanAbs):
-    __test__ = True
-
-
-class PreciseTestNetworkENISource(relbase.precise, TestNetworkENISource):
-    __test__ = False
-    # not working, still debugging though; possible older ifupdown doesn't
-    # like the multiple iface method.
-
-
-class TrustyTestNetworkENISource(relbase.trusty, TestNetworkENISource):
-    __test__ = True
-
-
-class WilyTestNetworkENISource(relbase.wily, TestNetworkENISource):
-    # EOL - 2016-07-28
-    __test__ = False
-
-
-class XenialTestNetworkENISource(relbase.xenial, TestNetworkENISource):
-    __test__ = True
-
-
-class YakketyTestNetworkENISource(relbase.yakkety, TestNetworkENISource):
+    conf_file = "examples/tests/basic_network.yaml"
+
+
+class PreciseHWETTestNetworkBasic(relbase.precise_hwe_t, TestNetworkBasicAbs):
+    # FIXME: off due to hang at test: Starting execute cloud user/final scripts
+    __test__ = False
+
+
+class TrustyTestNetworkBasic(relbase.trusty, TestNetworkBasicAbs):
+    __test__ = True
+
+
+class TrustyHWEUTestNetworkBasic(relbase.trusty_hwe_u, TrustyTestNetworkBasic):
+    # Working, off by default to safe test suite runtime, covered by bonding
+    __test__ = False
+
+
+class TrustyHWEVTestNetworkBasic(relbase.trusty_hwe_v, TrustyTestNetworkBasic):
+    # Working, off by default to safe test suite runtime, covered by bonding
+    __test__ = False
+
+
+class TrustyHWEWTestNetworkBasic(relbase.trusty_hwe_w, TrustyTestNetworkBasic):
+    # Working, off by default to safe test suite runtime, covered by bonding
+    __test__ = False
+
+
+class XenialTestNetworkBasic(relbase.xenial, TestNetworkBasicAbs):
+    __test__ = True
+
+
+class YakketyTestNetworkBasic(relbase.yakkety, TestNetworkBasicAbs):
     __test__ = True

=== added file 'tests/vmtests/test_network_alias.py'
--- tests/vmtests/test_network_alias.py	1970-01-01 00:00:00 +0000
+++ tests/vmtests/test_network_alias.py	2016-08-29 20:01:45 +0000
@@ -0,0 +1,40 @@
+from .releases import base_vm_classes as relbase
+from .test_network import TestNetworkBaseTestsAbs
+
+
+class TestNetworkAliasAbs(TestNetworkBaseTestsAbs):
+    """ Multi-ip address network testing
+    """
+    conf_file = "examples/tests/network_alias.yaml"
+
+
+class PreciseHWETTestNetworkAlias(relbase.precise_hwe_t, TestNetworkAliasAbs):
+    # FIXME: off due to hang at test: Starting execute cloud user/final scripts
+    __test__ = True
+
+
+class TrustyTestNetworkAlias(relbase.trusty, TestNetworkAliasAbs):
+    __test__ = True
+
+
+class TrustyHWEUTestNetworkAlias(relbase.trusty_hwe_u, TrustyTestNetworkAlias):
+    # Working, off by default to safe test suite runtime, covered by bonding
+    __test__ = False
+
+
+class TrustyHWEVTestNetworkAlias(relbase.trusty_hwe_v, TrustyTestNetworkAlias):
+    # Working, off by default to safe test suite runtime, covered by bonding
+    __test__ = False
+
+
+class TrustyHWEWTestNetworkAlias(relbase.trusty_hwe_w, TrustyTestNetworkAlias):
+    # Working, off by default to safe test suite runtime, covered by bonding
+    __test__ = False
+
+
+class XenialTestNetworkAlias(relbase.xenial, TestNetworkAliasAbs):
+    __test__ = True
+
+
+class YakketyTestNetworkAlias(relbase.yakkety, TestNetworkAliasAbs):
+    __test__ = True

=== added file 'tests/vmtests/test_network_bonding.py'
--- tests/vmtests/test_network_bonding.py	1970-01-01 00:00:00 +0000
+++ tests/vmtests/test_network_bonding.py	2016-08-29 20:01:45 +0000
@@ -0,0 +1,63 @@
+from . import logger
+from .releases import base_vm_classes as relbase
+from .test_network import TestNetworkBaseTestsAbs
+
+import textwrap
+
+
+class TestNetworkBondingAbs(TestNetworkBaseTestsAbs):
+    conf_file = "examples/tests/bonding_network.yaml"
+    collect_scripts = TestNetworkBaseTestsAbs.collect_scripts + [
+        textwrap.dedent("""
+        cd OUTPUT_COLLECT_D
+        dpkg-query -W -f '${Status}' ifenslave > ifenslave_installed
+        """)]
+
+    def test_output_files_exist_ifenslave(self):
+        self.output_files_exist(["ifenslave_installed"])
+
+    def test_ifenslave_installed(self):
+        status = self.load_collect_file("ifenslave_installed")
+        logger.debug('ifenslave installed: {}'.format(status))
+        self.assertEqual('install ok installed', status)
+
+
+class PreciseHWETTestBonding(relbase.precise_hwe_t, TestNetworkBondingAbs):
+    __test__ = True
+    # package names on precise are different, need to check on ifenslave-2.6
+    collect_scripts = TestNetworkBondingAbs.collect_scripts + [
+        textwrap.dedent("""
+        cd OUTPUT_COLLECT_D
+        dpkg-query -W -f '${Status}' ifenslave-2.6 > ifenslave_installed
+        """)]
+
+
+class TrustyTestBonding(relbase.trusty, TestNetworkBondingAbs):
+    __test__ = False
+
+
+class TrustyHWEUTestBonding(relbase.trusty_hwe_u, TrustyTestBonding):
+    __test__ = True
+
+
+class TrustyHWEVTestBonding(relbase.trusty_hwe_v, TrustyTestBonding):
+    # Working, but off by default to safe test suite runtime
+    # oldest/newest HWE-* covered above/below
+    __test__ = False
+
+
+class TrustyHWEWTestBonding(relbase.trusty_hwe_w, TrustyTestBonding):
+    __test__ = True
+
+
+class WilyTestBonding(relbase.wily, TestNetworkBondingAbs):
+    # EOL - 2016-07-28
+    __test__ = False
+
+
+class XenialTestBonding(relbase.xenial, TestNetworkBondingAbs):
+    __test__ = True
+
+
+class YakketyTestBonding(relbase.yakkety, TestNetworkBondingAbs):
+    __test__ = True

=== added file 'tests/vmtests/test_network_enisource.py'
--- tests/vmtests/test_network_enisource.py	1970-01-01 00:00:00 +0000
+++ tests/vmtests/test_network_enisource.py	2016-08-29 20:01:45 +0000
@@ -0,0 +1,91 @@
+from . import logger, helpers
+from .releases import base_vm_classes as relbase
+from .test_network import TestNetworkBaseTestsAbs
+
+import os
+import subprocess
+import yaml
+
+
+class TestNetworkENISource(TestNetworkBaseTestsAbs):
+    """ Curtin now emits a source /etc/network/interfaces.d/*.cfg
+        line.  This test exercises this feature by emitting additional
+        network configuration in /etc/network/interfaces.d/interface2.cfg
+
+        This relies on the network_config.yaml of the TestClass to
+        define a spare nic with no configuration.  This ensures that
+        a udev rule for interface2 is emitted so we can reference the interface
+        in our injected configuration.
+
+        Note, ifupdown allows multiple stanzas with the same iface name
+        and combines the options together during ifup.  We rely on this
+        feature allowing etc/network/interfaces to have an unconfigured
+        iface interface2 inet manual line, and then defer the configuration
+        to /etc/network/interfaces.d/interface2.cfg
+
+        This testcase then uses curtin.net.deb_parse_config method to
+        extract information about what curtin wrote and compare that
+        with what was actually configured (which we capture via ifconfig)
+    """
+
+    conf_file = "examples/tests/network_source.yaml"
+
+    def test_source_cfg_exists(self):
+        """Test that our curthooks wrote our injected config."""
+        self.output_files_exist(["interfaces.d/interface2.cfg"])
+
+    def test_etc_network_interfaces_source_cfg(self):
+        """ Compare injected configuration as parsed by curtin matches
+            how ifup configured the interface."""
+        # interfaces uses absolute paths, fix for test-case
+        interfaces = os.path.join(self.td.collect, "interfaces")
+        cmd = ['sed', '-i.orig', '-e', 's,/etc/network/,,g',
+               '{}'.format(interfaces)]
+        subprocess.check_call(cmd, stderr=subprocess.STDOUT)
+
+        curtin_ifaces = self.parse_deb_config(interfaces)
+        logger.debug('parsed eni dict:\n{}'.format(
+            yaml.dump(curtin_ifaces, default_flow_style=False, indent=4)))
+        print('parsed eni dict:\n{}'.format(
+            yaml.dump(curtin_ifaces, default_flow_style=False, indent=4)))
+
+        ip_a = self.load_collect_file("ip_a")
+        logger.debug('ip a:\n{}'.format(ip_a))
+
+        ip_a_dict = helpers.ip_a_to_dict(ip_a)
+        logger.debug('parsed ip_a dict:\n{}'.format(
+            yaml.dump(ip_a_dict, default_flow_style=False, indent=4)))
+        print('parsed ip_a dict:\n{}'.format(
+            yaml.dump(ip_a_dict, default_flow_style=False, indent=4)))
+
+        iface = 'interface2'
+        self.assertTrue(iface in curtin_ifaces)
+
+        expected_address = curtin_ifaces[iface].get('address', None)
+        self.assertIsNotNone(expected_address)
+
+        # handle CIDR notation
+        def _nocidr(addr):
+            return addr.split("/")[0]
+
+        [actual_address] = [ip.get('address') for ip in
+                            ip_a_dict[iface].get('inet4', [])]
+        self.assertEqual(_nocidr(expected_address), _nocidr(actual_address))
+
+
+class PreciseTestNetworkENISource(relbase.precise, TestNetworkENISource):
+    __test__ = False
+    # not working, still debugging though; possible older ifupdown doesn't
+    # like the multiple iface method.
+
+
+class TrustyTestNetworkENISource(relbase.trusty, TestNetworkENISource):
+    __test__ = True
+
+
+class XenialTestNetworkENISource(relbase.xenial, TestNetworkENISource):
+    __test__ = True
+
+
+class YakketyTestNetworkENISource(relbase.yakkety, TestNetworkENISource):
+    __test__ = True

=== added file 'tests/vmtests/test_network_ipv6.py'
--- tests/vmtests/test_network_ipv6.py	1970-01-01 00:00:00 +0000
+++ tests/vmtests/test_network_ipv6.py	2016-08-29 20:01:45 +0000
@@ -0,0 +1,53 @@
+from .releases import base_vm_classes as relbase
+from .test_network import TestNetworkBaseTestsAbs
+
+import textwrap
+
+
+class TestNetworkIPV6Abs(TestNetworkBaseTestsAbs):
+    """ IPV6 complex testing.  The configuration exercises
+        - ipv4 and ipv6 address on same interface
+        - bonding in LACP mode
+        - unconfigured subnets on bond
+        - vlans over bonds
+        - all IP is static
+    """
+    conf_file = "examples/network-ipv6-bond-vlan.yaml"
+    collect_scripts = TestNetworkBaseTestsAbs.collect_scripts + [
+        textwrap.dedent("""
+        grep . -r /sys/class/net/bond0/ > sysfs_bond0 || :
+        grep . -r /sys/class/net/bond0.108/ > sysfs_bond0.108 || :
+        grep . -r /sys/class/net/bond0.208/ > sysfs_bond0.208 || :
+        """)]
+
+
+class PreciseHWETTestNetwork(relbase.precise_hwe_t, TestNetworkIPV6Abs):
+    # FIXME: off due to hang at test: Starting execute cloud user/final scripts
+    __test__ = False
+
+
+class TrustyTestNetworkIPV6(relbase.trusty, TestNetworkIPV6Abs):
+    __test__ = True
+
+
+class TrustyHWEUTestNetworkIPV6(relbase.trusty_hwe_u, TrustyTestNetworkIPV6):
+    # Working, off by default to safe test suite runtime, covered by bonding
+    __test__ = False
+
+
+class TrustyHWEVTestNetworkIPV6(relbase.trusty_hwe_v, TrustyTestNetworkIPV6):
+    # Working, off by default to safe test suite runtime, covered by bonding
+    __test__ = False
+
+
+class TrustyHWEWTestNetworkIPV6(relbase.trusty_hwe_w, TrustyTestNetworkIPV6):
+    # Working, off by default to safe test suite runtime, covered by bonding
+    __test__ = False
+
+
+class XenialTestNetworkIPV6(relbase.xenial, TestNetworkIPV6Abs):
+    __test__ = True
+
+
+class YakketyTestNetworkIPV6(relbase.yakkety, TestNetworkIPV6Abs):
+    __test__ = True

=== added file 'tests/vmtests/test_network_ipv6_enisource.py'
--- tests/vmtests/test_network_ipv6_enisource.py	1970-01-01 00:00:00 +0000
+++ tests/vmtests/test_network_ipv6_enisource.py	2016-08-29 20:01:45 +0000
@@ -0,0 +1,26 @@
+from .releases import base_vm_classes as relbase
+from .test_network_enisource import TestNetworkENISource
+
+
+class TestNetworkIPV6ENISource(TestNetworkENISource):
+    conf_file = "examples/tests/network_source_ipv6.yaml"
+
+
+class PreciseTestNetworkIPV6ENISource(relbase.precise,
+                                      TestNetworkIPV6ENISource):
+    __test__ = False
+    # not working, still debugging though; possible older ifupdown doesn't
+    # like the multiple iface method.
+
+
+class TrustyTestNetworkIPV6ENISource(relbase.trusty, TestNetworkIPV6ENISource):
+    __test__ = True
+
+
+class XenialTestNetworkIPV6ENISource(relbase.xenial, TestNetworkIPV6ENISource):
+    __test__ = True
+
+
+class YakketyTestNetworkIPV6ENISource(relbase.yakkety,
+                                      TestNetworkIPV6ENISource):
+    __test__ = True

=== added file 'tests/vmtests/test_network_ipv6_static.py'
--- tests/vmtests/test_network_ipv6_static.py	1970-01-01 00:00:00 +0000
+++ tests/vmtests/test_network_ipv6_static.py	2016-08-29 20:01:45 +0000
@@ -0,0 +1,42 @@
+from .releases import base_vm_classes as relbase
+from .test_network_static import TestNetworkStaticAbs
+
+
+# reuse basic network tests but with different config (static, no dhcp)
+class TestNetworkIPV6StaticAbs(TestNetworkStaticAbs):
+    conf_file = "examples/tests/basic_network_static_ipv6.yaml"
+
+
+class PreciseHWETTestNetworkIPV6Static(relbase.precise_hwe_t,
+                                       TestNetworkIPV6StaticAbs):
+    __test__ = True
+
+
+class TrustyTestNetworkIPV6Static(relbase.trusty, TestNetworkIPV6StaticAbs):
+    __test__ = True
+
+
+class TrustyHWEUTestNetworkIPV6Static(relbase.trusty_hwe_u,
+                                      TestNetworkIPV6StaticAbs):
+    # unsupported kernel, 2016-08
+    __test__ = False
+
+
+class TrustyHWEVTestNetworkIPV6Static(relbase.trusty_hwe_v,
+                                      TestNetworkIPV6StaticAbs):
+    # unsupported kernel, 2016-08
+    __test__ = False
+
+
+class TrustyHWEWTestNetworkIPV6Static(relbase.trusty_hwe_w,
+                                      TestNetworkIPV6StaticAbs):
+    # unsupported kernel, 2016-08
+    __test__ = False
+
+
+class XenialTestNetworkIPV6Static(relbase.xenial, TestNetworkIPV6StaticAbs):
+    __test__ = True
+
+
+class YakketyTestNetworkIPV6Static(relbase.yakkety, TestNetworkIPV6StaticAbs):
+    __test__ = True

=== added file 'tests/vmtests/test_network_ipv6_vlan.py'
--- tests/vmtests/test_network_ipv6_vlan.py	1970-01-01 00:00:00 +0000
+++ tests/vmtests/test_network_ipv6_vlan.py	2016-08-29 20:01:45 +0000
@@ -0,0 +1,34 @@
+from .releases import base_vm_classes as relbase
+from .test_network_vlan import TestNetworkVlanAbs
+
+
+class TestNetworkIPV6VlanAbs(TestNetworkVlanAbs):
+    conf_file = "examples/tests/vlan_network_ipv6.yaml"
+
+
+class PreciseTestNetworkIPV6Vlan(relbase.precise, TestNetworkIPV6VlanAbs):
+    __test__ = True
+
+    # precise ip -d link show output is different (of course)
+    def test_vlan_enabled(self):
+
+        # we must have at least one
+        self.assertGreaterEqual(len(self.get_vlans()), 1)
+
+        # did they get configured?
+        for vlan in self.get_vlans():
+            link_file = "ip_link_show_" + vlan['name']
+            vlan_msg = "vlan id " + str(vlan['vlan_id'])
+            self.check_file_regex(link_file, vlan_msg)
+
+
+class TrustyTestNetworkIPV6Vlan(relbase.trusty, TestNetworkIPV6VlanAbs):
+    __test__ = True
+
+
+class XenialTestNetworkIPV6Vlan(relbase.xenial, TestNetworkIPV6VlanAbs):
+    __test__ = True
+
+
+class YakketyTestNetworkIPV6Vlan(relbase.yakkety, TestNetworkIPV6VlanAbs):
+    __test__ = True

=== added file 'tests/vmtests/test_network_mtu.py'
--- tests/vmtests/test_network_mtu.py	1970-01-01 00:00:00 +0000
+++ tests/vmtests/test_network_mtu.py	2016-08-29 20:01:45 +0000
@@ -0,0 +1,155 @@
+from .releases import base_vm_classes as relbase
+from .test_network_ipv6 import TestNetworkIPV6Abs
+from curtin import util
+
+import os
+import textwrap
+
+
+class TestNetworkMtuAbs(TestNetworkIPV6Abs):
+    """ Test that the mtu of the ipv6 address is properly
+
+    1.  devices default MTU to 1500, test if mtu under
+        inet6 stanza can be set separately from device
+        mtu (works on Xenial and newer ifupdown), check
+        via sysctl.
+
+    2.  if ipv6 mtu is > than underlying device, this fails
+        and is unnoticed, ifupdown/hook should fix by changing
+        mtu of underlying device to the same size as the ipv6
+        mtu
+
+    3.  order of the v4 vs. v6 stanzas could affect final mtu
+        ipv6 first, then ipv4 with mtu.
+    """
+    conf_file = "examples/tests/network_mtu.yaml"
+    collect_scripts = TestNetworkIPV6Abs.collect_scripts + [textwrap.dedent("""
+        cd OUTPUT_COLLECT_D
+        proc_v6="/proc/sys/net/ipv6/conf"
+        for f in `seq 0 7`; do
+            cat /sys/class/net/interface${f}/mtu > interface${f}_dev_mtu;
+            cat $proc_v6/interface${f}/mtu > interface${f}_ipv6_mtu;
+        done
+        if [ -e /var/log/upstart ]; then
+          cp -a /var/log/upstart ./var_log_upstart
+        fi
+        """)]
+
+    def _load_mtu_data(self, ifname):
+        """ load mtu related files by interface name.
+            returns a dictionary with the follwing
+            keys:  'device', and 'ipv6'.  """
+
+        mtu_fn = {
+            'device': "%s_dev_mtu" % ifname,
+            'ipv6': "%s_ipv6_mtu" % ifname,
+        }
+        mtu_val = {}
+        for fnk in mtu_fn.keys():
+            fn = os.path.join(self.td.collect, mtu_fn[fnk])
+            mtu_val.update({fnk: int(util.load_file(fn))})
+
+        return mtu_val
+
+    def _check_subnet_mtu(self, subnet, iface):
+        mtu_data = self._load_mtu_data(iface['name'])
+        print('subnet:%s' % subnet)
+        print('mtu_data:%s' % mtu_data)
+        # ipv4 address mtu changes *device* mtu
+        if '.' in subnet['address']:
+            print('subnet_mtu=%s device_mtu=%s' % (int(subnet['mtu']),
+                                                   int(mtu_data['device'])))
+            self.assertEqual(int(subnet['mtu']),
+                             int(mtu_data['device']))
+        # ipv6 address mtu changes *protocol* mtu
+        elif ':' in subnet['address']:
+            print('subnet_mtu=%s ipv6_mtu=%s' % (int(subnet['mtu']),
+                                                 int(mtu_data['device'])))
+            self.assertEqual(int(subnet['mtu']),
+                             int(mtu_data['ipv6']))
+
+    def _check_iface_subnets(self, ifname):
+        network_state = self.get_network_state()
+        interfaces = network_state.get('interfaces')
+
+        iface = interfaces.get(ifname)
+        subnets = iface.get('subnets')
+        print('iface=%s subnets=%s' % (iface['name'], subnets))
+        for subnet in subnets:
+            if 'mtu' in subnet:
+                self._check_subnet_mtu(subnet, iface)
+
+    def _disabled_ipv4_and_ipv6_mtu_all(self):
+        """ we don't pass all tests, skip for now """
+        network_state = self.get_network_state()
+        interfaces = network_state.get('interfaces')
+
+        for iface in interfaces.values():
+            subnets = iface.get('subnets', {})
+            if subnets:
+                for index, subnet in zip(range(0, len(subnets)), subnets):
+                    print("iface=%s subnet=%s" % (iface['name'], subnet))
+                    if 'mtu' in subnet:
+                        self._check_subnet_mtu(subnet, iface)
+
+    def test_ipv6_mtu_smaller_than_ipv4_non_default(self):
+        self._check_iface_subnets('interface0')
+
+    def test_ipv6_mtu_equal_ipv4_non_default(self):
+        self._check_iface_subnets('interface1')
+
+    def test_ipv6_mtu_higher_than_default_no_ipv4_mtu(self):
+        self._check_iface_subnets('interface2')
+
+    def test_ipv6_mtu_higher_than_default_no_ipv4_iface_up(self):
+        self._check_iface_subnets('interface3')
+
+    def test_ipv6_mtu_smaller_than_ipv4_v6_iface_first(self):
+        self._check_iface_subnets('interface4')
+
+    def test_ipv6_mtu_equal_ipv4_non_default_v6_iface_first(self):
+        self._check_iface_subnets('interface5')
+
+    def test_ipv6_mtu_higher_than_default_no_ipv4_mtu_v6_iface_first(self):
+        self._check_iface_subnets('interface6')
+
+    def test_ipv6_mtu_higher_than_default_no_ipv4_iface_v6_iface_first(self):
+        self._check_iface_subnets('interface7')
+
+
+class PreciseHWETTestNetworkMtu(relbase.precise_hwe_t, TestNetworkMtuAbs):
+    # FIXME: Precise mtu / ipv6 is buggy
+    __test__ = False
+
+
+class TrustyTestNetworkMtu(relbase.trusty, TestNetworkMtuAbs):
+    __test__ = True
+
+    # FIXME: https://bugs.debian.org/cgi-bin/bugreport.cgi?bug=809714
+    # fixed in newer ifupdown than is in trusty
+    def test_ipv6_mtu_smaller_than_ipv4_non_default(self):
+        # trusty ifupdown uses device mtu to change v6 mtu
+        pass
+
+
+class TrustyHWEUTestNetworkMtu(relbase.trusty_hwe_u, TrustyTestNetworkMtu):
+    # unsupported kernel, 2016-08
+    __test__ = False
+
+
+class TrustyHWEVTestNetworkMtu(relbase.trusty_hwe_v, TrustyTestNetworkMtu):
+    # unsupported kernel, 2016-08
+    __test__ = False
+
+
+class TrustyHWEWTestNetworkMtu(relbase.trusty_hwe_w, TrustyTestNetworkMtu):
+    # unsupported kernel, 2016-08
+    __test__ = False
+
+
+class XenialTestNetworkMtu(relbase.xenial, TestNetworkMtuAbs):
+    __test__ = True
+
+
+class YakketyTestNetworkMtu(relbase.yakkety, TestNetworkMtuAbs):
+    __test__ = True

=== added file 'tests/vmtests/test_network_static.py'
--- tests/vmtests/test_network_static.py	1970-01-01 00:00:00 +0000
+++ tests/vmtests/test_network_static.py	2016-08-29 20:01:45 +0000
@@ -0,0 +1,44 @@
+from .releases import base_vm_classes as relbase
+from .test_network import TestNetworkBaseTestsAbs
+
+
+class TestNetworkStaticAbs(TestNetworkBaseTestsAbs):
+    """ Static network testing with ipv4
+    """
+    conf_file = "examples/tests/basic_network_static.yaml"
+
+
+class PreciseHWETTestNetworkStatic(relbase.precise_hwe_t,
+                                   TestNetworkStaticAbs):
+    # FIXME: off due to hang at test: Starting execute cloud user/final scripts
+    __test__ = False
+
+
+class TrustyTestNetworkStatic(relbase.trusty, TestNetworkStaticAbs):
+    __test__ = True
+
+
+class TrustyHWEUTestNetworkStatic(relbase.trusty_hwe_u,
+                                  TrustyTestNetworkStatic):
+    # Working, off by default to safe test suite runtime, covered by bonding
+    __test__ = False
+
+
+class TrustyHWEVTestNetworkStatic(relbase.trusty_hwe_v,
+                                  TrustyTestNetworkStatic):
+    # Working, off by default to safe test suite runtime, covered by bonding
+    __test__ = False
+
+
+class TrustyHWEWTestNetworkStatic(relbase.trusty_hwe_w,
+                                  TrustyTestNetworkStatic):
+    # Working, off by default to safe test suite runtime, covered by bonding
+    __test__ = False
+
+
+class XenialTestNetworkStatic(relbase.xenial, TestNetworkStaticAbs):
+    __test__ = True
+
+
+class YakketyTestNetworkStatic(relbase.yakkety, TestNetworkStaticAbs):
+    __test__ = True

=== added file 'tests/vmtests/test_network_vlan.py'
--- tests/vmtests/test_network_vlan.py	1970-01-01 00:00:00 +0000
+++ tests/vmtests/test_network_vlan.py	2016-08-29 20:01:45 +0000
@@ -0,0 +1,77 @@
+from . import logger
+from .releases import base_vm_classes as relbase
+from .test_network import TestNetworkBaseTestsAbs
+
+import textwrap
+import yaml
+
+
+class TestNetworkVlanAbs(TestNetworkBaseTestsAbs):
+    conf_file = "examples/tests/vlan_network.yaml"
+    collect_scripts = TestNetworkBaseTestsAbs.collect_scripts + [
+        textwrap.dedent("""
+             cd OUTPUT_COLLECT_D
+             dpkg-query -W -f '${Status}' vlan > vlan_installed
+             ip -d link show interface1.2667 > ip_link_show_interface1.2667
+             ip -d link show interface1.2668 > ip_link_show_interface1.2668
+             ip -d link show interface1.2669 > ip_link_show_interface1.2669
+             ip -d link show interface1.2670 > ip_link_show_interface1.2670
+             """)]
+
+    def get_vlans(self):
+        network_state = self.get_network_state()
+        logger.debug('get_vlans ns:\n%s', yaml.dump(network_state,
+                                                    default_flow_style=False,
+                                                    indent=4))
+        interfaces = network_state.get('interfaces')
+        return [iface for iface in interfaces.values()
+                if iface['type'] == 'vlan']
+
+    def test_output_files_exist_vlan(self):
+        link_files = ["ip_link_show_%s" % vlan['name']
+                      for vlan in self.get_vlans()]
+        self.output_files_exist(["vlan_installed"] + link_files)
+
+    def test_vlan_installed(self):
+        status = self.load_collect_file("vlan_installed").strip()
+        logger.debug('vlan installed?: %s', status)
+        self.assertEqual('install ok installed', status)
+
+    def test_vlan_enabled(self):
+
+        # we must have at least one
+        self.assertGreaterEqual(len(self.get_vlans()), 1)
+
+        # did they get configured?
+        for vlan in self.get_vlans():
+            link_file = "ip_link_show_" + vlan['name']
+            vlan_msg = "vlan protocol 802.1Q id " + str(vlan['vlan_id'])
+            self.check_file_regex(link_file, vlan_msg)
+
+
+class PreciseTestNetworkVlan(relbase.precise, TestNetworkVlanAbs):
+    __test__ = True
+
+    # precise ip -d link show output is different (of course)
+    def test_vlan_enabled(self):
+
+        # we must have at least one
+        self.assertGreaterEqual(len(self.get_vlans()), 1)
+
+        # did they get configured?
+        for vlan in self.get_vlans():
+            link_file = "ip_link_show_" + vlan['name']
+            vlan_msg = "vlan id " + str(vlan['vlan_id'])
+            self.check_file_regex(link_file, vlan_msg)
+
+
+class TrustyTestNetworkVlan(relbase.trusty, TestNetworkVlanAbs):
+    __test__ = True
+
+
+class XenialTestNetworkVlan(relbase.xenial, TestNetworkVlanAbs):
+    __test__ = True
+
+
+class YakketyTestNetworkVlan(relbase.yakkety, TestNetworkVlanAbs):
+    __test__ = True

=== modified file 'tests/vmtests/test_raid5_bcache.py'
--- tests/vmtests/test_raid5_bcache.py	2016-06-13 20:49:15 +0000
+++ tests/vmtests/test_raid5_bcache.py	2016-08-29 20:01:45 +0000
@@ -2,7 +2,6 @@
 from .releases import base_vm_classes as relbase
 
 import textwrap
-import os
 
 
 class TestMdadmAbs(VMBaseClass):
@@ -55,14 +54,12 @@
 
     def test_bcache_status(self):
         bcache_cset_uuid = None
-        fname = os.path.join(self.td.collect, "bcache_super_vda2")
-        with open(fname, "r") as fp:
-            for line in fp.read().splitlines():
-                if line != "" and line.split()[0] == "cset.uuid":
-                    bcache_cset_uuid = line.split()[-1].rstrip()
+        for line in self.load_collect_file("bcache_super_vda2").splitlines():
+            if line != "" and line.split()[0] == "cset.uuid":
+                bcache_cset_uuid = line.split()[-1].rstrip()
         self.assertIsNotNone(bcache_cset_uuid)
-        with open(os.path.join(self.td.collect, "bcache_ls"), "r") as fp:
-            self.assertTrue(bcache_cset_uuid in fp.read().splitlines())
+        self.assertTrue(bcache_cset_uuid in
+                        self.load_collect_file("bcache_ls").splitlines())
 
     def test_bcache_cachemode(self):
         self.check_file_regex("bcache_cache_mode", r"\[writeback\]")

=== modified file 'tests/vmtests/test_uefi_basic.py'
--- tests/vmtests/test_uefi_basic.py	2016-08-09 15:01:07 +0000
+++ tests/vmtests/test_uefi_basic.py	2016-08-29 20:01:45 +0000
@@ -2,7 +2,6 @@
 
 from .releases import base_vm_classes as relbase
 
-import os
 import textwrap
 
 
@@ -40,7 +39,7 @@
              "proc_partitions"])
 
     def test_sys_firmware_efi(self):
-        sys_efi_expected = [
+        sys_efi_possible = [
             'config_table',
             'efivars',
             'fw_platform_size',
@@ -50,22 +49,20 @@
             'systab',
             'vars',
         ]
-        sys_efi = self.td.collect + "ls_sys_firmware_efi"
-        if (os.path.exists(sys_efi)):
-            with open(sys_efi) as fp:
-                efi_lines = fp.read().strip().split('\n')
-                self.assertEqual(sorted(sys_efi_expected),
-                                 sorted(efi_lines))
+        efi_lines = self.load_collect_file(
+            "ls_sys_firmware_efi").strip().split('\n')
+
+        # sys/firmware/efi contents differ based on kernel and configuration
+        for efi_line in efi_lines:
+            self.assertIn(efi_line, sys_efi_possible)
 
     def test_disk_block_sizes(self):
         """ Test disk logical and physical block size are match
             the class block size.
         """
         for bs in ['lbs', 'pbs']:
-            with open(os.path.join(self.td.collect,
-                      'vda_' + bs), 'r') as fp:
-                size = int(fp.read())
-                self.assertEqual(self.disk_block_size, size)
+            size = int(self.load_collect_file('vda_' + bs))
+            self.assertEqual(self.disk_block_size, size)
 
     def test_disk_block_size_with_blockdev(self):
         """ validate maas setting
@@ -75,10 +72,8 @@
         --getbsz                  get blocksize
         """
         for syscall in ['getss', 'getpbsz']:
-            with open(os.path.join(self.td.collect,
-                      'vda_blockdev_' + syscall), 'r') as fp:
-                size = int(fp.read())
-                self.assertEqual(self.disk_block_size, size)
+            size = int(self.load_collect_file('vda_blockdev_' + syscall))
+            self.assertEqual(self.disk_block_size, size)
 
 
 class PreciseUefiTestBasic(relbase.precise, TestBasicAbs):