I've observed this in Trusty-Kilo test targets with a 3-node native cluster. I believe there is a race where the add_vhost is called, and the rabbitmq service may not be running on the unit.
2015-09-16 19:10:45 DEBUG worker.uniter.jujuc server.go:159 hook context id "rabbitmq-server/0-cluster-relation-changed-2445711715711195588"; dir "/var/lib/juju/agents/unit-rabbitmq-server-0/charm"
2015-09-16 19:10:45 INFO juju-log cluster:1: /usr/bin/rsync -r --delete --executability /var/lib/juju/agents/unit-rabbitmq-server-0/charm/scripts/collect_rabbitmq_stats.sh /usr/local/bin/collect_rabbitmq_stats.sh
2015-09-16 19:10:45 INFO worker.uniter.jujuc server.go:158 running hook tool "juju-log" ["Writing file /etc/cron.d/rabbitmq-stats root:root 444"]
2015-09-16 19:10:45 DEBUG worker.uniter.jujuc server.go:159 hook context id "rabbitmq-server/0-cluster-relation-changed-2445711715711195588"; dir "/var/lib/juju/agents/unit-rabbitmq-server-0/charm"
2015-09-16 19:10:45 INFO juju-log cluster:1: Writing file /etc/cron.d/rabbitmq-stats root:root 444
2015-09-16 19:10:45 INFO worker.uniter.jujuc server.go:158 running hook tool "relation-ids" ["--format=json" "nrpe-external-master"]
2015-09-16 19:10:45 DEBUG worker.uniter.jujuc server.go:159 hook context id "rabbitmq-server/0-cluster-relation-changed-2445711715711195588"; dir "/var/lib/juju/agents/unit-rabbitmq-server-0/charm"
2015-09-16 19:10:45 INFO cluster-relation-changed Error: rabbit application is not running on node rabbit@juju-osci-sv05-machine-2.
2015-09-16 19:10:45 INFO cluster-relation-changed * Suggestion: start it with "rabbitmqctl start_app" and try again
2015-09-16 19:10:45 INFO worker.uniter.jujuc server.go:158 running hook tool "juju-log" ["-l" "DEBUG" "Command '['/usr/sbin/rabbitmqctl', 'list_vhosts']' returned non-zero exit status 2"]
2015-09-16 19:10:45 DEBUG worker.uniter.jujuc server.go:159 hook context id "rabbitmq-server/0-cluster-relation-changed-2445711715711195588"; dir "/var/lib/juju/agents/unit-rabbitmq-server-0/charm"
2015-09-16 19:10:45 DEBUG juju-log cluster:1: Command '['/usr/sbin/rabbitmqctl', 'list_vhosts']' returned non-zero exit status 2
2015-09-16 19:10:46 INFO cluster-relation-changed Error: rabbit application is not running on node rabbit@juju-osci-sv05-machine-2.
2015-09-16 19:10:46 INFO cluster-relation-changed * Suggestion: start it with "rabbitmqctl start_app" and try again
2015-09-16 19:10:46 INFO cluster-relation-changed Traceback (most recent call last):
2015-09-16 19:10:46 INFO cluster-relation-changed File "/var/lib/juju/agents/unit-rabbitmq-server-0/charm/hooks/cluster-relation-changed", line 810, in <module>
2015-09-16 19:10:46 INFO cluster-relation-changed hooks.execute(sys.argv)
2015-09-16 19:10:46 INFO cluster-relation-changed File "/var/lib/juju/agents/unit-rabbitmq-server-0/charm/hooks/charmhelpers/core/hookenv.py", line 672, in execute
2015-09-16 19:10:46 INFO cluster-relation-changed self._hooks[hook_name]()
2015-09-16 19:10:46 INFO cluster-relation-changed File "/var/lib/juju/agents/unit-rabbitmq-server-0/charm/hooks/cluster-relation-changed", line 362, in cluster_changed
2015-09-16 19:10:46 INFO cluster-relation-changed update_nrpe_checks()
2015-09-16 19:10:46 INFO cluster-relation-changed File "/var/lib/juju/agents/unit-rabbitmq-server-0/charm/hooks/cluster-relation-changed", line 575, in update_nrpe_checks
2015-09-16 19:10:46 INFO cluster-relation-changed rabbit.create_vhost(vhost)
2015-09-16 19:10:46 INFO cluster-relation-changed File "/var/lib/juju/agents/unit-rabbitmq-server-0/charm/hooks/rabbit_utils.py", line 106, in create_vhost
2015-09-16 19:10:46 INFO cluster-relation-changed subprocess.check_call(cmd)
2015-09-16 19:10:46 INFO cluster-relation-changed File "/usr/lib/python2.7/subprocess.py", line 540, in check_call
2015-09-16 19:10:46 INFO cluster-relation-changed raise CalledProcessError(retcode, cmd)
2015-09-16 19:10:46 INFO cluster-relation-changed subprocess.CalledProcessError: Command '['/usr/sbin/rabbitmqctl', 'add_vhost', 'nagios-rabbitmq-server-0']' returned non-zero exit status 2
2015-09-16 19:10:46 INFO juju.worker.uniter.context context.go:543 handling reboot
2015-09-16 19:10:46 ERROR juju.worker.uniter.operation runhook.go:103 hook "cluster-relation-changed" failed: exit status 1
2015-09-16 19:10:46 DEBUG juju.worker.uniter modes.go:31 [AGENT-STATUS] failed: run relation-changed (1; rabbitmq-server/2) hook
2015-09-16 19:10:46 INFO juju.worker.uniter modes.go:543 ModeAbide exiting
2015-09-16 19:10:46 INFO juju.worker.uniter modes.go:541 ModeHookError starting
2015-09-16 19:10:46 DEBUG juju.worker.uniter.filter filter.go:597 want resolved event
2015-09-16 19:10:46 DEBUG juju.worker.uniter.filter filter.go:591 want forced upgrade true
2015-09-16 19:10:46 DEBUG juju.worker.uniter.filter filter.go:727 no new charm event
2015-09-16 19:10:46 DEBUG juju.worker.uniter modes.go:31 [AGENT-STATUS] error: hook failed: "cluster-relation-changed"
2015-09-16 19:10:49 DEBUG juju.worker.uniter.filter filter.go:509 got leader settings change: ok=true
Add'l info @ http:// paste.ubuntu. com/12604274/